大通湖表层水体中抗生素赋存特征与风险-中国环境科学.pdfVIP

中国环境科学 2018,38(1) ：320~329 China Environmental Science 大通湖表层水体中抗生素赋存特征与风险 刘晓晖 1,2,卢少勇 2* (1.清华大学环境学院,北京 100084 ；2. 中国环境科学研究院, 国家环境保护洞庭湖科学观测 研究站,湖泊水污染治理与生态修复技术国家工程实验室,环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室,湖泊生态环境创新 基地,北京 100012) 摘要：为了评价大通湖表层水体中典型抗生素的赋存特征及生态风险等级,采用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱仪(UPLC-MS/MS)检测了 4 类 12 种(磺胺类,磺胺增效剂,喹诺酮类和四环素)抗生素的浓度水平.结果表明:除氧氟沙星外,其余 11 种抗生素均有检出,其总浓度为 0.19~261.89ng/L;磺胺嘧啶的平均浓度最高(37.41ng/L),其次为磺胺甲恶唑(12.34ng/L)沙拉沙星(8.55ng/L)恩诺沙星(8.04ng/L) 甲氧苄啶 (7.56ng/L)金霉素(3.92ng/L),并且磺胺嘧啶、四环素、沙拉沙星、金霉素、磺胺甲恶唑和甲氧苄氨嘧啶的检出率均超出 50%,处于较高水 平.与部分河流、湖泊相比,大通湖抗生素的浓度除磺胺嘧啶和恩诺沙星外,基本处于较普通水平;在空间分布上表现为明显的差异性.环境和 健康风险评价结果表明:磺胺甲恶唑、沙拉沙星和环丙沙星为大通湖主要的风险因子,RQ1,对洞庭湖有较高的潜在风险;点位 S2、S3、S6 对大通湖周围环境具有较高的累积风险,主要的贡献因子分别为恩诺沙星和沙拉沙星、磺胺甲恶唑和环丙沙星;11 种抗生素通过饮水途径 对成人和儿童的健康风险指数 RQH 处于 8.74×10-8~9.17×10-3 之间,且通过饮水途径摄入抗生素对儿童的健康风险高于成人. 关键词：大通湖；表层水；抗生素；赋存特征；生态风险 中图分类号：X52,X171 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1000-6923(2018)01-0320-10 Occurrence and ecological risk of typical antibiotics in surface water of the Datong Lake, China. LIU Xiao-hui1,2, LU Shao-yong2* (1.School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing10084,China; 2.State Environmental Protection Scientific Observation and Research Station for Lake Dongtinghu, National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Research Centre of Lake Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China). China Environmental Science, 2018,38(1)：320~329 Abstract ：The concentrations of 12 antibiotics.classified into sulfanilamides (SAs), trimethoprim (TMP), quinolones (QNs) and tetracyclines (TCs) in surface water of the Datong Lake, were detected by UPLC-MS/MS in order to assess the occurrence and risk level of typical antibiotics. 11 antibiotics were detected expect