论文--无表面活性剂作载体的氯化钾（钠）体系光亮镀锌研究.docVIP

PAGE PAGE 2 无表面活性剂作载体的氯化钾（钠）体系光亮镀锌研究 摘要 本文介绍了在不含有任何表面活性剂作载体的酸性氯化钾（钠）镀锌液中光亮镀锌的研究。镀液中使用了新研究出的开缸剂、辅助剂和水溶性光亮剂；并运用Hull Cell、小槽电镀以及电化学方法，研究了镀液的各种性能。结果表明，在表面活性剂载体的浓度为零的情况下，主光剂在镀液中溶解性能良好；在工艺及操作范围内，可得到均匀、柔性、平整、分散性好的、全光亮的锌层；可节约用水50%以上，极利于水源、大气和土壤等环境保护；并可与现行的使用表面活性剂载体的镀锌液相互兼容。推荐的镀液成分和操作条件为：ZnCl2 60～75g/L, KCL 200～250g/L, H3BO3 25～30g/L,开缸剂 30～40ml/L（第一次使用时添加）, 辅助剂 12～15ml/L, 光亮剂 8～12ml/L；pH:4.8～5.8, θ:10～45℃, Dk:0.25～5.0A/dm2. 关键词 酸性镀锌；氯化钾（钠）；表面活性剂；载体；水溶性光亮剂 Investigation for Bright Zinc-plating with the surfactant type carrier-free in K(Na)Cl solution Abstract: This paper presents our research on the bright Zinc-plating with surfactant type carrier-free in acidic K(Na)Cl solution. Novel base reagent, auxiliary reagent and aqueous brighter are applied in plating solution, and their performances are evaluated by Hull Cell, small cell plating and electrochemical methods. The results indicate that the major plating brightener have excellent solubility without the surfactant carrier; and the homogenous, flexible, flat and well-distributed bright zinc player can be obtained in normal operation condition with universal process; the usage of water is reduced more than 50% in quantity, very favorable for the protection of water, atmosphere and soil; and it is completely compatible with current surfactant carrier existed Zinc-plating solution. Our recommended recipe and operational condition are: ZnCl2 60～75g/L, KCL 200～250g/L, H3BO3 25～30g/L,base reagent 30～40ml/L（added in the 1st time of usage）, auxiliary reagent 12～15ml/L, brighter 8～12ml/L；pH:4.8～5.8, temperature:10～45℃, Dk:0.25～5.0A/dm2. Key words: acidic zinc-plating; Potassium(Sodium) Chloride; surfactant; carrier; water soluble brighter 0 引言 无氰的酸性氯化钾（钠）光亮镀锌自上世纪七十年代由日本发明、随后传入我国以来，已有四十多年的历史。它具有阴极电流效率高（≥90%）、沉积速度快、分散性能好、镀层光亮度似镀Cr、镀夜操作条件（温度、电流密度）宽的优点；因此，备受用户的欢迎。在我国境内，它几乎占有整个镀锌（碱锌、酸锌）溶液的25~30%，达到6800~13000万升；消耗的光亮添加剂约600~800万吨╱年以上。 然而，不能否认，酸性氯化钾（钠）镀锌也有严重的缺点。尤其是其使用的光亮添加剂是苄叉丙酮、邻氯苯甲醛或者二者联合混用。这些芳香醛、酮有很强的刺激性的气味，对操作者的皮肤、眼睛有伤