中型载货汽车车架有限元静力学分析.docVIP

二○○九年六月 The Graduation Design for Bachelors Degree The Finite Elements Static Analysis of Mid-duty Truck’s Frame Structure Candidate：Feng Wenyan Specialty：Vehicle Engineering Class：B05-17 Supervisor：Associate Prof. Shi Meiyu Heilongjiang Institute of Technology 2009-06·Harbin 本科生毕业设计 PAGE I 摘 要 车架是汽车上重要的承载部件，车辆所受到的各种载荷最终都传递给车架。因此，车架结构性能的好坏直接关系到整车设计的成败。汽车车架作为汽车总成的一部分，承受着来自道路和装载的各种复杂载荷作用，而且汽车上许多重要总成部件都是以车架为载体。所以，车架的强度和刚度在汽车总体设计中起到了十分重要的作用。 本设计是基于Pro/E软件建立了车架结构的实体模型，利用ANSYS有限元分析软件对该车架在弯曲工况、扭转工况、紧急制动工况和紧急转弯工况下进行了静力学分析。分析结果表明，该车架受到的最大应力值小于材料的强度极限，满足设计的要求。同时说明有限元法和ANSYS软件为车架结构的计算分析软件，可以更加全面的得出车架的应力分布状况，为车架的下一步设计过程提供了依据和理论支持，而且降低了制造成本，提高了市场竞争力。 关键词：载货汽车；车架；Pro/E；有限元；静力分析  ABSTRACT Frame is an important assembly bearing loads of an automobile. All kinds of loads will pass to it. So the performance of frame structure affects whether the automobile design is successful or not. As a part of the truck, the frame supports all kinds of complicated loads coming from the road and freight. And many assembly of the truck are built in the frame. So the intensity and the strong of the frame play a very important role in the design of trucks. A model of the frame is established by using Pro/E in this paper. The static intensity of the frame is analyzed in the situation of bending, torsion, braking and swerve by ANSYS. The result indicates that the stress of the frame is less than the utmost intension. And the frame is satisfied with the design. The result of this paper indicates that the research of FEA and ANSYS software offered a set of basic theory and method for the frame structure and simulation of dynamic characteristic. At last, the material of the frame is saved, and it is stronger in the market. Key words: Truck; Frame; Pro/E; Finite element; Static analysis 黑龙江工程学院本科生毕业设计 目 录 TOC \o 1-3 \h \z \u 摘要 I Abstract II 第1章 绪论 1 1.1 选题目的与意义 1 1.2 车架的设计理论发展过程和发展状况 2 1.3 本设计研究的内容 4 第2章 有限元法及ANSYS软件的介绍 6 2.1 有限元法简介 6 2.1.1 有限元法的基本思想 6 2.1.2 有限元法的特点 7 2.1.3