2018年高考英语一轮复习 语法专项 十、特殊句式讲义 外研版.pptVIP

十、特殊句式 ;　　考生需要关注的重要特殊句式有: 倒装句、强调句、省略句、祈使句、反意疑问句和感叹句等。;一、倒装句 1. 全部倒装(把全部谓语提到主语之前);倒装条件;*Out rushed a cat from under the table. *Such was Albert Einstein, a simple but great scientist. *In a lecture hall of a university in England sat a professor. *Seated in the first line are some advanced workers. ;2. 部分倒装(助动词/系动词be/情态动词提到主语前);倒装条件;倒装条件;倒装条件;倒装条件;*Only in this way can you solve this problem. *Never before have I seen such a moving film. *Not only was he forced to stay home, but also he had to do his homework. *So clearly does he speak English that he can always make himself understood. *Tom doesn’t like bananas, neither/nor do I. ;【点津】 (1)there, here, now, then, up, down, in, away, off, out等副词置于句首, 但主语为人称代词时, 不用倒装。 (2)only修饰主语置于句首时, 不能倒装。 (3)若两个主语一致时, 则表示同意以上观点, 不能倒装, 此时so表示“的确如此”, 即用so+主语+助动词/系动词/情态动词。;(4)当前面两件或两件以上的事也适合于另一人或物时, 通常用“so it is with. . . ”或“it is the same with. . . ”。 (5)Neither. . . , nor. . . “……不……, ……也不……”, 连接两个并列分句时, 这两个并列分句都用倒装结构。 (6)though引导让步状语从句时, 可以倒装也可以不倒装。although引导让步状语从句时不能倒装。;二、强调句 1. 强调句 (1)It is/was. . . that/who可以对除谓语以外的成分进行强调。当强调部分为“人”时, 可用that或who, 其他情况下用that。 *It was Belorussian writer Svetlana Alexievich who won the 2015 Nobel Prize for Literature. ;(2)在强调句中, 当强调主语时, 其后的谓语动词应和主语在人称和数上保持一致。 *It is White and Betty who often do good deeds for the old lady. (3)如果原句的谓语动词是现在时或将来时, 强调句结构须用: It is. . . that/who. . . ; 如原句的谓语动词是过去时态, 则强调句结构须用It was. . . that/who. . . 。;(4)“not. . . until. . . ”句型的强调结构为“It is/was not until. . . that. . . ”。 *It was not until 11 o’clock last night that he went to bed. (5)强调句型的一般疑问句形式: Is/Was it+被强调部分+that/who+其他成分。 *Was it in 1939 that World War Ⅱ broke out? ;(6)强调句的特殊疑问句句型为: 疑问词+is/was+it +that/who. . . ? *Where was it that you met Jack yesterday? ;2. 谓语动词的强调 (1)do/does/did+动词原形。 *Do come here this evening. (2)“never+助动词do”也常用来表示强调, 一般意为“从来没有, 绝不”。;【点津】强调句型与3大从句的辨析;类　型;类　型;三、省略句的5种类型 1. 宾语从句: ①引导宾语从句的从属连词that可省略。但及物动词后跟两个或两个以上that引导的宾语从句时, 只有第一个连词that可省略。 *He told me (that) she was a beautiful gi