英语人教版九年级全册一般现在时和过去时的被动语态.docVIP

I .The Simple Present and Past Tense II .The passive I. 一般现在时和一般过去时 1、一般现在时表示经常性的动作、现在存在的情 况或状态和一般真理，也可用来描述工作过程等一系列连续动作。如： The factory produces cars .这个工厂生产汽车。 The earth goes round the sun .地球绕太阳运行。 Scientists go down into the sea ,collect sea plants ,study them and then write papers . 科学家下潜入海，采集海生植物，研究所采植物，然后写出论文。 2、一般过去是表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去时间的状语连用。 如：yesterday ,last year ,three days ago 等。 This factory produced 600 cars last month. Exercise 1. Cross out the wrong words in the brackets. The computer (gives, gave)us lesson in the correct usage of English words and phrase once a week . The computer (gives, gave)us lesson in the correct usage of English words and phrase yesterday . In 1969 ,a rocket (takes ,took)men to the moon for the first time. Rockets (are ,were)usually very big. The worker (cleans ,cleaned)the machines every day. The worker (cleans ,cleaned)the machines last week . Exercise 2.Combine the left with the right ,making as many sensible sentences as possible. A rocket reached the moon every day We built a big rocket not long ago The students do their mathematics in 1969 with a computer 4. We have English lessons once every two years II. The passive 被动语态 英语动词又主动语态和被动语态之分，以表示主语和谓语之间的不同关系。主动与态通常表示主语是行为的发出者， 被动语态通常表示主语是行为的对象。 Active S V O 1)Electricity lights The streets Active 2)The streets are lit by electricity S V by +v-ed 1)电照亮街道。 2）街道用电照明。 主动语态变被动语态，谓语动词Vbe+V-ed 1.be 时助动词，无词义，帮助构成被动语态。 2.be根据人称、数和时态变化。一般现在时用 am is are。 一般过去时用was were 3.规则东词的过去分词和过去式同形。不规则动词见书中附录。 当着重指出行为的对象，或不必说明谁是行为的发出者时，用被动语态。 Television is now widely used in industry. 电视目前广泛用于工业。 This knife is made of metal.这个刀是铁制的。 Electricity keeps the buildings warm.=The buildings are kept warms by electricity. Mr Green gave him a pen =He was given a pen by Mr Green .=A pen was given (to)him by Mr Green. Exercise 3 Complete thee sentences with the right forms of th