英语人教版九年级全册直接引语和间接引语.docVIP

直接引语和间接引语 导入：叫一个老师起来说一句话，然后叫另一个老师转述。 老师举一个例子：（书上那个例子） 杰克：我想吃雪糕。 妈妈：玛丽，你弟弟说什么？ 玛丽：他说他想吃雪糕。 用英语如何表达呢？ Jack: I want to have an ice cream. Mum:Mary,what did your little brother say? Mary :He said that he wanted to have an ice cream. 那么用英语转述他人的话语时有哪些规律和要求呢？下面让我们一起来分析一下。 首先先弄清两个概念，“引语”与“引述动词”。 1.“引语”与“引述动词”（我们来看一下包含直接引语的句子： He said ,” It’s time for lunch.” “I like apples,” Tom said. Jack said ,”Mike can swim.”(承上启下:一般现在时的陈述句的转述，应该如何转述呢？) 2.一般现在时的陈述句的转述 回到： He said that he wanted to have an ice cream.（一般现在时的陈述句都是由that连接一个宾语从句，从句中人称和时态都有一定的变化，that可以省略。一般的规律为： 间接引语使用that连接宾语从句 上面的例子可以变为： He said (that)it was time for lunch. Tom said (that) he liked apples. Jack said (that) Mike could swim. 2) 人称随主语做适当变化 如果直接引语中的主语为第一人称，变为间接引语时人称要随句子主语的人称而变化。如上面第二句中的I就要变成he。 3）谓语动词时态的变化 如果引述动词为一般过去时，间接引语中动词的时态一般推移到过去时间，如：一般现在时→一般过去时： Tony said,”It is an exciting film.”→Tony said (that) it was an exciting film. 4)其他变化 指示代词 时间状语 地点状语 动词 This→that now→then here→there come→go These→those today→that day bring→take Tonight→that night He said ,”I’m here.”→He said that he was there. Jack said ,”There is a good film on tonight,”→Jack said that there was a good film on tonight. 直接引语和间接引语（2） 祈使句的转述 如果是转述他人的请求或命令：首先我们来看几个例子： He said to the children,”Be quiet.”→He told the children to be quiet. He said to Betty,”Stop,”→He asked Betty to stop. 从这两例句我们可以看出祈使句变成间接引语的方式：tell sb. to do sth.或ask sb.to do sth . 如果直接引语中含有please,间接引语中的谓语动词一般用ask等表示要求的单词。 He said to Daming ,”Please bring some food.” →He asked Daming to bring some food. 如果转述的是否定的祈使句，要用tell/ask sb. not to do sth.的结构。 She said to Tony,”Don’t go close to the bears.” →She told Tony not to go close to the bears. 3.其他， 直接引语如果是一般疑问句，变为间接引语时，要用连词whether或if来引导，从句中用陈述句语序。主句中的谓语动词是said时，要改为asked；没有间接宾语时，可以根据内容加一个间接宾语如：me，him或us等。如： She said ,”Are you interested in chemistry?” She asked me if /whether I was interested chemistry. 直接引语如果是特殊疑问句，变为间接引语