味觉与脂类研究相关技术2-2017.pptVIP

脂类研究相关技术 刘振辉 三大能源物质： 蛋白质 糖类 脂类 The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2004 odorant receptors and the organization of the olfactory system The olfactory system is important for life quality, so is taste system. Five basic Taste qualities: sweet, bitter, umami, salty and sour. Rubber lover: the kea(鹦鹉 ) “I don’t like sweets” “Chocolate kills me” Fat lover Taste receptor cells and taste buds Nature 2006, 444:288-294. Taste receptors Taste receptors for salty and sour stimuli are thought to be ion channels. sweet, bitter and umami stimuli involve G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) Fat taste-- the sixth taste quality? Orosensory Perception of Dietary Lipids Although dietary lipids are mainly constituted of triglycerides (TG), long-chain fatty acids (LCFA, more than 16 carbons) seem to be responsible for oral lipid perception. The taste bud and the predicted structure of the taste receptor for fat, CD36, expressed on the apical surface of taste cells. Immunolocalization of CD36 and α-gustducin in the mouse circumvallate papillae and palate. CD36 immunoreactivity was confined to the apical side of taste bud cells in the lingual epithelium (A and B), while α-gustducin was found throughout the taste buds in spindle-shaped cells (C and D). (E) Coexpression of CD36 and α-gustducin was found in some lingual taste receptor cells. Palatal taste buds were positive for α-gustducin (F) but negative for CD36 (G). 小鼠味觉细胞TBD-a1对脂肪酸味觉反应 的Ca2＋ imaging检测 The short-term preference for lipid-enriched beverages and meals found in the wild-type mice is CD36 dependent. Creation of a genetic model of obesity in a teleost Clin Lipidol. 2009 August 1; 4(4): 501–515. Diet-induced obesity in zebrafish sharescommon pathophysiological pathways with mammalian obesity Oka et al. BMC Physiology 2010, 10:21 PLoS Genetics, November 2007 | Volume 3 | Issue 11 | e199 Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 296: G445–G453, 2009. 三卡因 Abietic Acid (松香酸）H