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British Rail Research, P.O. Box 2, London Road, Derby DE2 8YB (7J.K.j Abstract Contact stresses between wheel and rail are believed to be influential in the initiation and growth of rolling contact fatigue cracks, particularly on the high rails of curves on high speed lines. A modification to the transverse rail profile has been proposed which should result in reductions in contact stress. Theoretical methods have been used to investigate the effect of pro6le changes on contact stress and conicity. The predicted contact stresses for the modified profile are up to 50% lower than those for an un