第八讲 中文成语英译法定稿.pptVIP

;1.中文成语英译法;;一、直译法 直译法（literal translation)能够保留原文的巧喻及形式，是最好的成语译法。但直译法必须在不违背译文的语法习惯，又不致引起误解的情况下才能使用。譬如下面几个成语： ;二、同义成语借用法 以同义习语（synonymous idioms）来翻译中文成语，对外国人来说，在意义的了解上不成问题；缺点则是不能擅用。有些中英文的惯用语一看之下非常近似，但语气轻重不同，还是无法对译。下面列举一些内容和形式都能想通的中英文： 一文不值 → without a penny to ones name 绞尽脑汁 → to rack ones brains 谋事在人，成事在天 → man proposes, god disposes. 隔墙有耳 → walks have ears. 千真万确 → true as gospel ; 对牛弹琴 → to throw pearls before swine 晴天霹雳 → a bolt from the blue 水底捞月 → to fish in the air 害群之马 → a black sheep 猫哭耗子假慈悲 → to shed crocodile tears 说曹操，曹操到→ talk of the evil and he is sure to come. ;三、意译法 如果以上两种方法都无法解决成语英译的难题，就只好退而求其次，忍痛割舍原文的巧喻，改以意译（free translation）。如以下数例： 姜太公钓鱼，愿者上钩 → willingly fall into the snare 东施效颦 → blindly copying others and making oneself look foolish 司马昭之心，路人皆知 → the villians design is obvious 木已成舟 → whats done is done. 杞人忧天 → unnecessary anxiety;四、 注译法 采用注译法（explanation)的好处是能介绍本国成语的特色，并能顾及比喻、形式、清晰各方面。意译法中的几个成语若改成注译法，就能写成 这种方法： ① like the fish rising to Chiang Tai Gongs hookless and baitless line--- willingly fall into the snare ② Dong shi, an ugly woman, knitting her eyebrows in imitation of the famous Si Shi only to make herself uglier----blindly copying others and making oneself look foolish; ③ Sima Chaos ill intent is known to all---- the villains design is obvious ④ the wood is already make into a boat---- whats done is done ⑤ like the man of Chi who was haunted by the fear that the sky might fall----unnecessary anxiety;2.中文成语英译实例 1.一帆风顺 smooth sailing 2.一曝十寒 warm for one day and cold for ten days--- work on and off 3.十万火急 extremely urgent 4.八仙过海,各显神通 like the Eight Immortals (in the