英语知识s发音规则.doc

s发/s/的读音规则 一、s在词首时，除了sugar，sure以及sh组合发/?/以外，其余一般发/s/。 例： surface，serve，seven，six，some，sign 比较：design/dizain/ 一般前缀，合成词不影响其读音。s仍读成/s/。例： unsafe，unsatisfactory，roadside，teaspoon，snowstorm 二、两个s在词尾时读作/s/。 例： grass，glass，address，press，success，pass，miss，stress，across，swiss, progress，process，kiss 三、词尾s在u后读作/s/。 例： bus，us，minus，abacus，plus，status，virus 四、在sis组合的弱读中，两个s都读作/s/。 例： emphasis，analysis，thesis，crisis emphasise, emphasize, analyse/ analyze, criticise/criticize (criticism n.) 五、s在字母c前常读作/s/。 例： muscle，discipline，science 六、s在某些前后缀中读作/s/。 1．在前缀mis-，dis-中，s读作/s/。 例： mismanage，misjudge， misbelieve，disorder，disobey 2．在后缀－sive，sity，－self，-some，-sy中，s读作/s/。 例： expensive，intensive，decisive, yourself，handsome，troublesome，tiresome，quarrelsome 七、s在清辅音前后常读作/s/。 1．s在清辅音前常读作/s/。 例： honest，newspaper，task，satisfy，grasp (grab, grip) 2．s在清辅音后常读作/s/。 例： sportsman，works，stops，roofs． 八、词尾se在字母r，l，n后读作/s/。 例： horse，nurse，worse，course， universe，pulse，else，tense，sense I couldnt find good references by Googling, and I dont know anything about British English. As I think it through, it is quite complicated! Sorry -- we should really get around to some spelling reform. I hope others can help edit this list if they think of exceptions. In American English, typically If there are any prefixes or suffixes causing an s to be in the middle of a word (either because the s is part of the prefix or because it is part of the root), the s is always unvoiced清音/s/, e.g. subsist, substandard, mismatch, mistake, etc. An s that is written next to an unvoiced consonant 清辅音 is always unvoiced /s/, e.g. lisp, rasp, history, etc. When the unvoiced consonant of the above rule is [t], then the /t/ is silent if the next syllable is syllabic /n/ or /l/: listen, whistle. (Otherwise it is pronounced. See the comments for a more detailed description of this rule.) An s before m is always voiced /z/: chasm, prism, plasma. However, the top rule takes precedence有优先权, so the s in mismatch is always voiceless /s/. An s