系统解剖 动脉 英文版.Artery.ppt

Arteries 动脉 Arteries 动脉 Characteristics Symmetry 对称 In the trunk of the body consist parietal and visceral branches 壁支和脏支 Shortest possible course Run on flexor surfaces Usually do not pass directly through muscles, avoiding compression Together with the veins and nerves in a sheath of fascia to form neurovascular bundle 血管神经束 Arteries of pulmonary circulation Pulmonary trunk 肺动脉干 Arises from right ventricle Runs up, back ,and to the left Bifurcates inferior to aortic arch into right and left pulmonary arteries左、右肺动脉, one for each lung ★ Arterial ligament 动脉韧带 Remnant of ductus arteriosus动脉导管 A fibrous band that connects bifurcation of pulmonary trunk with inferior border of aortic arch Arteries of systemic circulation  体循环的动脉 ★ Aorta 主动脉 Ascending aorta 升主动脉 Arises from left ventricle Runs upward, forward and to the right Extends to level of right second sternocostal joint ★ Branches Right coronary artery右冠状动脉 Left coronary artery左冠状动脉 Aortic arch 主动脉弓 Continuation of ascending aorta Curves upward, to the left and posteriorly, then downward, arching over left principal bronchus and pulmonary trunk to lower border of T4 level, and becomes thoracic aorta ★ Branches (from right to left ) Brachiocephalic trunk 头臂干 Right common carotid A 右颈总动脉 Right subclavian A 右锁骨下动脉 Left common carotid A 左颈总动脉 Left subclavian A 左锁骨下动脉 Aortic glomera 主动脉小球 chemoreceptor Aortic isthmus主动脉峡 Baroreceptor Common carotid a. 颈总动脉 ★ Origin (arises from) Right：Brachiocephalic trunk Left：Aortic arch ★ Ascends in neck to upper border of thyroid cartilage ★ Branches Internal carotid artery 颈内动脉 External carotid artery 颈外动脉 Common carotid a. 颈总动脉 ★ Carotid sinus 颈动脉窦 Located at a localizes dilation of terminal part of common carotid artery and beginning of internal carotid artery Sensitive to blood pressure changes (baroreceptor) ★ Carotid glomus 颈动脉小球 Lies posterior to the point of bifurcation of common carotid artery Senses changes in blood carbon dioxide (oxygen) levels (chemor