工程制图基础Chapter 3 Primary Objects.pptVIP

3.2.3 Spheres A sphere is a solid with a revolutionary surface called spherical surface which is generated by a generatrix circle (母线圆) sweeping around one of its diameters. This diameter becomes the axis of the sphere and the ends of the axis are the poles of the sphere (Fig.3.21(a)). Any diameter in the generatrix circle may be considered as an axis of a sphere. Thus, there are frontal latitude circles, horizontal latitude circles or profile latitude circles on the spherical surface. * For example, if the diameter perpendicular to plane V is regarded as the spheres axis, spherical surface has a series of frontal latitude circles (Fig.3.22(a)). If the diameter perpendicular to plane H is considered as the spheres axis, the spherical surface has a series of horizontal latitude circles (Fig.3.22(b)). If the diameter perpendicular to plane W is considered as the sphere axis, the spherical surface has a series of profile latitude circles (Fig.3.22(c)). * Fig.3.21 Three views of a sphere. * Fig.3.22 Latitude circles on a sphere. * 3.2.3.1 The three views of a sphere No matter which position a sphere is put at, its three views are three circles with the same diameter. See Fig.3.21(b). 1)Analyzing the three views and their visibility A spheres front view is the largest frontal latitude circle called the frontal outline. Spherical surface is divided into two halves by the spheres frontal outline, the front half and the rear half. * 2)Steps of drawing three views  Draw two centerlines perpendicular to each other on the three projection planes respectively first and then draw three circles with the same diameter (Figs. 3.23(a) and (b)). * 工程制图基础 出版社 国际合作部 Primary objects include polyhedra (平面立体) and revolutions (回转体). A composite object (组合体) can be regarded as a combination of primary objects. Thus, students should be familiar with