Graphene A Dynamic Platform for Electrical control of plasmonic resonance英文文献资料.pdfVIP

Nanophotonics 2015; 4:214–223 Review Article Open Access Naresh Kumar Emani, Alexander V. Kildishev, Vladimir M. Shalaev, and Alexandra Boltasseva* Graphene: A Dynamic Platform for Electrical Control of Plasmonic Resonance DOI 10.1515/nanoph-2015-0014 1 Introduction Received October 30, 2014; accepted May 25, 2015 Abstract: Graphene has recently emerged as a viable plat- Nanophotonics is a thriving research field, which holds form for integrated optoelectronic and hybrid photonic de- tremendous promise for optical information processing at vices because of its unique properties. The optical proper- the nanoscale. One of the most promising directions in ties of graphene can be dynamically controlled by electri- nanophotonics is to use free charge oscillations in metal cal voltage and have been used to modulate the plasmons nanostructures known as surface plasmons (SPs) for con- in noble metal nanostructures. Graphene has also been trol and manipulation of optical signals [1, 2]. Surface plas- shown to support highly confined intrinsic plasmons, with mons exhibit a resonant behavior at a particular wave- properties that can be tuned in the wavelength range of length, when the electric restoring force equals the Lorentz 2 µm to 100 µm. Here we review the recent development force caused by an incident field. At such a resonance in graphene-plasmonic devices and identify some of the the electromagnetic energy is confined to subwavelength key challenges for practical applications of such hybrid de- length scales in the close vicinity of the nanostructures. vices.