物理视角下的湍流讲义.ppt

(a) t=308 (b) t=312 (c) t=316 (d) t=320 Fig. 1 Instantaneous vortices in the mid plane x=0 at Re=3200 Fig. 2 Vortices at t=320 in the mid plane z=0 at Re=3200 Fig. 3 Vortices at t=320 in the mid plane y=0 at Re=3200 Fig. 4 Comparison of the time averaged velocity components along the central-lines in the mid plane z=0 with experimental data Re=3200. Fig. 5 Comparison of the rms of velocity components along the central-lines in the mid plane z=0 with experimental data Fig. 6 Comparison of the second moment (uv)av along the central-lines in the mid plane z=0 with experimental data[ in Phys. Fluids A 1 (2) (1989) 208-218, A.K. Prasad and J.R. Koseff] at Re=3200 Fig. 7 Comparison of the time averaged velocity components along the central-lines in the mid plane z=0 with experimental data Re=10000. Fig. 8 Comparison of the rms of velocity components along the horizontal central-lines in the mid plane z=0 with experimental data at Re=10000 Fig. 9 Comparison of the rms of velocity components along the vertical central-lines in the mid plane z=0 with experimental data at Re=10000 Fig. 10 Comparison of the second moment (uv)av along the horizontal central-lines in the mid plane z=0 with experimental data[ in Phys. Fluids A 1 (2) (1989) 208-218, A.K. Prasad and J.R. Koseff] at Re=10000 Fig. 11 Comparison of the second moment (uv)av along the vertical central-lines in the mid plane z=0 with experimental data[ in Phys. Fluids A 1 (2) (1989) 208-218, A.K. Prasad and J.R. Koseff] at Re=10000 Fig. 12 Vortices () in the mid plane of x=0. (a) Eq (4) at t=160, (b) Eq (8)(9) at t=320. varies from –1 to +1, with an increment of 0.1 单子（标准点） 单子(monad) 单子的尺度是无穷小 标准部分 Stω=ξ ω为ξ 单子中的数 x A · A · 实数轴 扩展为 超实数轴 ; 点(标准点) 扩展为 单子 坐标系 极限 与过去理解不同，0是一个单子，故应代之以 考虑数学的严紧性应写作 单子内部 A · A · 0 · 0 · 函数 关于函数 表示单子 内的非标准点 非标准点 微分 关于微商： 定义微商 等同于： 对比标准分析： 这是两种微分 湍流的描述和湍流基本方程 关于湍流的基本假设 六个假设： 两个层次——整个湍流场层次由标准点组成，而标准