无刷直流电机单片机控制系统设计.docVIP

学号： 常 州 大 学 毕业设计（论文） （2012届） 题 目 无刷直流电机单片机控制系统设计 学 生 学 院 专业班级 校内指导教师 专业技术职务 二○一二年六月 PAGE I 无刷直流电机单片机控制系统设计 摘要：无刷直流电动机采用半导体功率开关器件(晶体管、MOSFET、IGBT、IPM)，用霍尔元件、光敏元件等作位置传感器代替有刷直流电机的换向器和电刷部分，以电子换相代替机械换相，从而提高了可靠性。它的外特性和一台有刷直流电动机相似。 论文讲述了无刷直流电动机的工作原理以及电动机驱动电路的驱动原理。本设计利用了单片机控制脉宽的改变来达到变速的目的，还通过控制接通电机三相的桥路的开通顺序和时间使得电机按我们预定的方向和速度运行。本论文设计并展示了无刷直流电机驱动器的外围硬件电路，包括功率硬件电路、键盘驱动电路等，并完成了系统应用软件的设计。经过实验验证，这种驱动方案能够长期稳定高效地驱动无刷直流电机运行。 关键词：无刷直流电机、单片机、换相 The design of the brushless DC motor controlled by Single-chip Abstract：Brushless dc motor uses semiconductor power switch device (the transistor, the MOSFET, IGBT, IPM), the hall element, photosensitive components ects for position sensor instead of a brush of dc motor commutator and replaces mechanical commutation with the brush part of the electronic commutation, so as to enhance the reliability. Its outside characteristics is similar to a dc motor wih brush. The working principle and motor driving circuit principle of the driver is mainly described in the paper. Using single chip microcomputer to controls the pulse width to achieve the purpose of variable speed, the motor can run in the right direction and the speed what we have determined through the control on the bridge of the three-phase motor road opening sequence and time. This paper is to design and demonstrate peripheral hardware circuit of the brushless DC motor drives, including power drive circuit, the keyboard driver circuit and so on, it also completed the design of the system application software. Experimental results show this drive scheme can drive BLDC long-time, stable and effectively. Keywords: BLDC ,SCM ,commutation 目 录 TOC \o 1-2 \h \z \u 摘要 I Abstract II 目 录 III 1 绪论 1 1.1 本文研究的意义及主要内容