田间水肥一体化地面灌溉系统介绍.docVIP

 田间水肥一体化地面灌溉系统介绍# 刘玉春1，姜红安2，夏辉1* （1. 河北农业大学城乡建设学院，河北 保定 071001； 5 10 2. 保定中法供水有限公司，河北 保定 071501） 摘要：目前水肥一体化喷灌和滴灌系统耗能高、投资高、对水质要求高，而地面灌溉仍然是 大田作物应用的主要灌水技术，针对以上现实本文提出田间水肥一体化地面灌溉系统。田间 水肥一体化地面灌溉系统由进水管、施肥器、田间输水管和地面灌溉灌水器四部分组成，其 中施肥器是无压施肥装置，地面灌溉灌水器是田间分水软管和出水口为一体、在生产过程中 一次性成型的地面灌溉灌水设施。田间水肥一体化地面灌溉系统不仅能够实现水肥一体化， 且具有低碳环保、灌水效率高、便于与农业机械化相结合的优点，适宜在大田作物生产中大 面积推广应用。 关键词：地面灌溉；水肥一体化；灌水器；施肥器 中图分类号：S275.3 15 Introduction of surface fertigation system Liu Yuchun1, Jiang Hongan2, Xia Hui1 (1. Hebei Agricultural University, HeBei BaoDing 071001; 2. Baoding Sino French Water Supply Co. Ltd, HeBei BaoDing 071501) 20 25 30 35 40 Abstract: At present surface irrigation is still the main irrigation technology application for field crop. And the fertigation system of sprinkling or drip irrigation system has the defect of high energy consumption, high investment and high water quality requirements. A surface fertigation system is put forward in this paper based on the above actuality in crop irrigation. The surface fertigation system is composed of four parts, intake pipe, fertilizer applicator, water delivery pipe and surface irrigation watering device. The fertilizer applicator is a kind of pressureless fertilizer applicator suitable for surface irrigation. The surface irrigation watering device is a kind of distributive hose with several water outlets in a fixed spacing, is linked with water delivery pipe and is used to distribute water to furrow field or irrigation ditch. The surface fertigation system can realize irrigation and fertilization simultaneously, has the advantage of low carbon and high irrigation efficiency, and facilitates with agricultural mechanization. The surface fertigation system is worth extensive application in field crop production. Keywords: surface irrigation; fertigation; watering device; fertilizer applicator 0 引言 水肥一体化技术是将灌溉与施肥融为一体的农业新技术，具有肥效快，养分利用率高的 特点，既有利于节水节肥、提高作物的产量和品质，也有利于农田环境保护。面对我国日益 加深的水环境危机，农业水肥一体化技术是我国农业发展的战略方向已经成为共识。 1 问题的提出 目前水肥一体化技术多针对喷灌和微灌系统而言，需要的