流体化床结晶反应槽回收废水中重金属镉之研究.docVIP

流體化床結晶反應槽回收廢水中重金屬鎘之研究 Recovery of Cadmium from Wastewater by Crystallization of Cadmium Carbonate in a Fluidized Bed Pellet Reactor 指導教授：曾迪華　 　 　　　 　 研究生：陳政澤 一、中文摘要 (關鍵詞：廢水處理、流體化床、結晶、回收、重金屬、碳酸鎘、石英砂) 本研究主要目的是建立實驗室規模的流體化床結晶程序之本土化技術，藉由石英砂物性及流體化床水力分析之探討，以瞭解本實驗設備之特性，可作為結晶實驗之操作基礎；同時針對高毒性的鎘，進行其碳酸鹽結晶程序之最適化操作條件探討。 經研究結果顯示,石英砂之物性與結晶珠並無明顯差異,其可能原因為反應時間太短,無法使兩者在比較上有明顯差異.再者,以水力觀點而言,表面速度是影響流體化床水力特性之關鍵因子;當表面速度增加時,雷諾數,膨脹率,孔隙率,壓力降,能量分散及速度梯度隨之增加,而比表面積隨之減少;至於固定床高度、石英砂粒徑及分散器內填充玻璃珠粒徑對流體化床水力特性則較不具顯著影響。最後，由結晶實驗之結果顯示，碳酸鎘結晶系統之最適化操作條件為出口pH為9.0~9.5、鎘進流負荷≦5.00kg-Cd/m2h、CT/Cd進流比為1.3~6.0mmol/mmol、水力負荷≧49.67m/h、固定床高度≧60cm、石英砂粒徑為0.2~0.4mm。另外，以XRD分析結晶珠，由其圖譜可鑑定為碳酸鎘結晶；再以SEM-EDS進行晶體微觀及元素定性/定量分析，由其影像分析結果可知石英砂表面有明顯碳酸鎘晶體附著其上，且定性、定量結果為Cd%(重量百 分率)佔95%以上。另外，碳酸鎘結晶珠經硫酸溶解後，溶液為硫酸鎘濃縮液(＞4500ppm)，可進行回收；且殘餘的珠狀物經SEM-EDS分析，顯示其與原石英砂並無大大差異，可再回用於反應槽中使用。因此，本研究結果除可提供設備改良或實廠設計之參考，並可作為實廠操作時之依據。 英文摘要 (Keywords：Wastewater Treatment, Fluidized Bed, Crystalization, Recovery, Heavy Metal, Cadmium Carbonate, Quartz-Sands) The purpose of this study is to develop a laboratory scale of crystallization Process of fluidized bed reactor. By measuring quartz-sands physical characterization and fluidized bed hydraulic analysis to find out the nature of equipment for the basis of next crystallization experiment. The target metal of cadmium is selected due to its high toxicity. The studies also investigate the various operation limit to determine the optimal conditions for recovery of cadmium carbonate by crystallization in a fluidized bed reactor. From the experiment results, in this case of quartz-sands physical experiment and paper almost similar result could be found. however, because of the reaction time is so short that the physical characterization of the pellets make no difference. According to hydraulic view, the principal parameter that influences the hydraulic characterization of fluidized bed is the surface velocity. As the surface velocity is increased, Reynolds number, expansion ratio, porous ratio, pressure drop, energy dispe