as if 与as though 引导的从句.docVIP

PAGE PAGE 1 as if 与as though 引导的从句 ■崔长平 河南遂平一高（463100） as if 意为“好像，仿佛，犹如”，相当于as though 。它们经常引导一个状语从句或表语从句。二者引导的从句中的谓语部分经常使用虚拟语气，说明与事实不符或相反。但也可以使用陈述语气，如果从句所陈述的内容符合事实的话。这主要取决于说话人的态度、看法和口气。 He looks as if he were / was ill. （他看起来好像病了。用虚拟语气表示事实并非如此。） He walks as though he is drunk. （他走起路来好像喝醉了似的。用陈述语气说明事实就是如此。） 再如： He acted as if nothing had happened. He spoke as if he had known it. I feel as if I were / was in a terrible dream. 如上所述，二者引导的从句中，谓语部分经常使用虚拟语气。表示与现在事实情况不符或相反时，谓语动词多使用过去式（be的过去式一般用were，在非正式英语中，主语是一、三人称时也可以用was。）。表示与过去事实情况不符或相反时，谓语部分经常使用动词的过去式或“had＋过去分词”。表示与将来事实情况不符或相反时，谓语部分经常使用“would ＋动词原形”。 He looks as if he were / was ill. It seems as if it were / was spring already. I remember the whole thing as if it happened yesterday. She looked a bit queer, as if she knew something. She closed her eyes as though she were too tired. as if，as though 引导的从句中的时态一般不与主句中的时态发生对应关系。 He looks as if he were/was ill. （现在好像病了似的。） He looks as if he had been ill. （过去好像有过病似的。） He looked as if he had been ill. （过去好像有过病似的。） He looked as if he was / were ill. （过去好像有过病似的。） 即使主句谓语动词为现在时，从句谓语用陈述语气的也不少。特别是当句子的谓语动词是：look，seem，appear，feel，taste，smell，sound 等时。 It looks as though we shall have to do the work ourselves. This meat tastes as if it has already gone bad. The milk smells as if it is sour. 注意下句中因时态不同而导致意义不同： He walks as if he is drunk. （陈述语气，说明事实就是如此。） He walks as if he were / was drunk. （虚拟语气，说明事实并非如此。） 当主、从句中的主语同指“一个人或事物”时，且从句的谓语部分又包含动词be时，这个主语和be可以省略。 From time to time Jason turned round as though (he was) searching for someone. He paused as if expecting Lanny to speak. He glanced about as if in search of something.