过去分词的用法学案设计.docxVIP

PAGE 3 过去分词的用法 过去分词主要表示被动，可表示发生在过去， 所以叫过去分词。也可以无时间概念，只表示被动。过去分词用法：状语、定语、补语、表语。 ★过去分词作表语 【语境展示】观察下列句子中过去分词的用法，然后加以归纳。 1. a. When we heard of it, we were deeply moved. b. On hearing the good news everyone was very excited. 2. a. My mother looked worried after reading the letter. b. Tom seemed quite delighted at the idea. c. He became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people find their dreams. 【自我归纳】 ●过去分词作表语时，相当于形容词，与谓语动词构成________结构，表示主语的性质、特征和状态（第一组例句）。 ●除系动词be外，look, seem, become等连系动词也可接过去分词作表语（第二组例句）。这类动词还包括get, sound, feel, remain, appear, turn等。 【拓展】过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别：过去分词作表语表示主语的特点或所处的状态；被动语态表示一个具体的动作，强调主语所承受的动作。如： We were amused to learn that he had made a foolish mistake.（过去分词作表语） We were amused by his story and burst out laughing.（被动语态） interest interesting interested move moving moved excite exciting excited surprise surprising surprised frighten frightening frightened terrify terrifying terrified encourage encouraging encouraged tire tiring tired inspire inspiring inspired please pleasing pleased trouble troubling troubled satisfy satisfying satisfied For example: I was moved by the moving story. ★过去分词作定语 【语境展示】观察下列句子中过去分词的用法，然后加以归纳。 1. a. My parents are both retired teachers. b. Hurry up, there is only a little time left. c. Who were the guests invited to the party last night? 2. a. The funds raised (which have been raised) are mainly used for helping the homeless. b. The beautiful woman dressed in white (who is dressed in white) is my teacher. 【自我归纳】 ●过去分词作定语时，分词所表示的动作与被修饰的词之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，且多表示已完成的动作。 ●单个的过去分词作定语，通常置于被修饰词之前，也可后置；过去分词短语作定语时，需置于被修饰词________（第一组例句）。 ●过去分词作定语时，可转换为________从句（第二组例句）。 注意：及物动词的过去分词与逻辑主语（即它所修饰的名词）之间是被动关系，可以转换为谓语动词是被动语态的定语从句；不及物动词的过去分词与逻辑主语之间是主动关系（即只说明逻辑主语所处的状态、特点或特征等），可以转换为谓语动词是主动语态的定语从句。如： a broken cup = a cup which has been broken（break是及物动词，表示被动和完成） the fallen leaves on the