高质量三方硒纳米线、带、网格结构的可控生长与机理研究毕业论文.docx

中国科学技术大学博士学位论文 中国科学技术大学博士学位论文 摘 要 Abstract In this dissertation，based on the low melting point，the high evaporation vapor pressure and the crystal structure composed of infinite helical chains parallel to C axis，we have successfully prepared high—quality trigonal selenium (f-Se)nanowires，nanoribbons，and nanowire networks via physical vapor deposition routes as well as quasi quantum—sized selenium tellurium alloy rods and spindles through a wet chemical synthesis． 1．High—qualit／t-Se nanowires and nanoribbons were prepared in a large scale by a vapor phase method，and the detailed investigations on the mechanisms reveal the vapor-solution—solid growth mode in their formation．Due to the temperature of deposition zone higher than the melting point of selenium， gaseous selenium will condense into droplets firstly．As the continuous transportation of selenium，droplets will grow into larger species until to contact each other,which then developed into series-wound beads confined and directed by the highly anisotropic crystal structure of t-Se．A higher temperature gradient along the tube axis favors to the formation of series—wound beads having definite boundaries that evolve into nanoribbons， while under the control of a lower temperature gradient the boundaries between the beadss are faint and the series—wound beads develop into nanowires eventually． 2．A vapor-solid growth mode will produce two kinds of nanowire networks． Due to the temperature of deposition zone lower than the melting point of selenium，gaseous selenium will condense into three-dimensionally packed microspheres under the control of kinetical growth rate．Crystallization will induce them to transform into layer-structures，which develop into nanowire networks with the included angle of 900．If the condensation process Was controlled by thermodynamics equilibrium，the gaseous selenium inclines to form triangle nanocrystals，which develop into nanowire networks with the included angle of600(1200)． 3．Quasi quantu