集成电路integritycircuit学习以及常用封装介绍.ppt

* Learning Objective: List the 2 primary kinds of volatile memory. Key points: RAM works like a Post Office box. Data (aka letters) can be deposited into memory (aka mailboxes) in non-sequential order. Data can then be retrieved in non-sequential order. Be careful that people don’t draw the implication that non-volatile is not capable of RAM access Individual locations can be accessed but it depends on how the interface is implemented RAM works like a Post Office box. Data can be deposited non-sequentially. Data can be retrieved non-sequentially. * Learning Objective: Describe the difference between SRAM and DRAM. Key points: The reason DRAM is less expensive is that it is a single transistor cell, where the SRAM involves multiple cells. DRAM is implemented as a single transistor cell. * Learning Objective: Describe the difference between SRAM and DRAM. Key points: When the bucket is full, the cell reads as a “1”. When the bucket gets to half empty, the gauge moves to read “0”. DRAM is slow and cheap. DRAM = Dynamic Random-Access Memory Each memory cell represents a single bit of memory The charge “leaks” out of each capacitor, so memory must be refreshed * Learning Objective: Describe the difference between SRAM and DRAM. Key points: The diagram above shows the charge in the cell over time. DRAM voltage in each cell peaks upon refresh. The voltage then degrades until the next refresh. * Learning Objective: Describe the difference between SRAM and DRAM. Key points: SRAM doesn’t have to be refreshed. This makes static RAM significantly faster than dynamic RAM. Because it has more parts, a static memory cell takes a lot more space on a chip than a dynamic memory cell. SRAM is fast and expensive. SRAM = Static Random Access Memory In static RAM, a form of flip-flop holds each bit of memory. A flip-flop for a memory cell takes 4 or 6 transistors along with some wiring, but never has to be refreshed. * Learning Objective: Given a sample memory need, determine whet