高中语法---省略句.pptVIP

一、概述 在英语中，为了避免重复而省去某些重复的部分，这种现象叫省略。如： 知识详解 ? Beg you pardon. ? Sounds like a good idea. ? （ I ）Beg you pardon. ? ( It ) Sounds like a good idea.. 知识详解 二、分类详解 （一）简单句中的省略 ? 1、 省略主语 祈使句中主语通常省略；其它省略主语多限于少数现成的说法。如： ? Thank you for your help. ? ( I ) Thank you for your help. 简单句中的省略 ? Doesn’t matter. ? ( It ) doesn’t matter. 知识详解 2、省略主谓或主谓语的一部分。如： ? (There is) No smoking . （省略主语和谓语） ? （Will you) Have a smoke ? ? What/How (do you think) about a cup of tea ? ? Why (do you) not say hello to him ? 简单句中的省略 知识详解 3、省略作宾语的不定式短语，只保留to，但如果该宾语是动词be或完成时态，则须在之后加上be或have 。如： ? –Are you going there? – Yes, I’d like to . 简单句中的省略 ? He didn’t give me the chance, though he had promised to . ? –Are you an engineer? – No, but I want to . ? –He hasn’t finished the task yet.  –Well, he ought to . (go there). (give me the chance). be have 知识详解 4、省略表语。如： ? –Are you thirsty? – Yes, I am . 简单句中的省略 ? His brother isn’t lazy, nor is his sister . (thirsty). (lazy). 5、同时省略几个成分 。如： ? Let’s meet at the same place as yesterday. (we met) 同时省略主、谓语 知识详解 ? –Have you finished your work ? –Not yet. 简单句中的省略 I have not finished my homework yet. I have not finished my homework yet. I have not finished my homework yet. （二）复合句中的省略 ? 知识详解 1、主句中有一些成分被省略，如： ? Sorry to hear you are ill. 主从复合句中的省略 ? Pity that he missed such a good chance. ? –She must be busy now? --If so, she can’t go with us. ? –Do you think he will attend the meeting? --I guess not. ( I’m ) ( It’s a ) =he is busy =he won’t attend the meeting 知识详解 ? －Are you leaving for Beijing this Sunday?  －I think so. 主从复合句中的省略 so I’m leaving for Beijing this Sunday. ? －Tom must be free today.  －If so. He can help us. so he is free. 2、主句中有一些成分被省略、而用so或not来代替，如： 知识详解 ? －It is going to rain, isn’t it?  －I hope not. 主从复合句中的省略 not it is not going to rain. 这种用法常见的有：How so? Why so? Is that so? I hope so. He said so.　及I suppose　/believe　/hope not. Why not