经典范畴理论与现代范畴理论的对比研究.pdfVIP

第34 卷 第4 期 上 海 理 工 大 学 学 报 (社会科学版) Vol. 34 No. 4 2012 年12 月 Journal of University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Dec. 2012 经典范畴理论与现代范畴理论的对比研究 徐淑平， 王 斌 (上海理工大学 外语学院，上海 200093) 摘要：范畴是人类认识事物的基础，是认知的基本概念。对范畴的研究，经历了从亚里士多德的经 典范畴理论到维特根斯坦的现代范畴理论，即原型范畴理论。经典范畴理论与现代范畴理论在许 多方面是不同的：前者认为范畴具有客观性，范畴成员由一组充分必要特征所决定，范畴边界是清 晰的；后者认为范畴与人的体验有关，范畴成员的地位不相等，范畴边界是模糊的。对比二者不难 发现，现代范畴理论更接近人类的认知方式，更具科学性和解释力，其在语言和非语言层面都得到 了广泛应用，但同时两者又具有互补性，在某些方面，可以共同应用于生产和生活中某些方面的范 畴化过程。 关键词：经典范畴理论；原型范畴理论；范畴特征 中图分类号：H 313 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1009-895X(2012)04-0278-06 Comparisons Between Classical Category Theory and Prototypical Category Theory Xu Shuping, Wang Bin (College of Foreign Languages, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China) Abstract: Category is one of the bases of knowing the world for human beings, and it is a preliminary concept in cognition process. The research of categorization began from Aristotle’s classical category theory to Wittgenstein’s modern category theory, that is, prototypical category theory. There are many differences between the classical category theory and modern category theory: According to the former, category is objective,the category members depend on a group of sufficient and necessary condition, and category boundary is definite; according to the later, category correlates with experience, the status of category members are different, and the category boundary is indefinite. Through comparing the two category theories, we can see clearly that the modern category theory is closer to our cognition, and more scientific and explainable; and has been widely applied in