【2019年整理】高危药品目录年.docxVIP

ISMPs List of High-Alert Medications(2012) Classes/Categories of Medications 肾上腺素受体激动剂 静脉用 (e.g., 如肾上腺素、去氧肾上腺素和去甲肾上腺素 ) (肾上腺素能拮抗剂 ), 静脉用 (e.g., 普奈洛尔、美托洛尔和拉贝洛尔 ) 麻醉药 , 吸入或静脉全身 (如丙泊酚和氯胺酮 ) 抗心律不齐药 ,静脉用 (e.g., 利多卡因和胺碘酮 ) 抗血栓药 , 包括 :抗凝血剂 (e.g. 华法林、低分子肝素、注射用普通肝素 ) Xa 因子抑制剂（如戊聚糖） ；直接凝血酶抑制剂（如阿加曲班、来匹卢定、比伐卢定）； 溶栓药物（如阿特普酶、瑞替普酶、替奈普酶） ；糖蛋白Ⅱ b/Ⅲ a 抑制剂（如埃替非巴肽 ) 心麻痹液 化学治疗药 , dextrose, hypertonic 高渗葡萄糖 , 20% or greater dialysis solutions 透析液 , peritoneal and hemodialysis epidural or intrathecal medications 硬膜外或鞘内药物 Hypoglycemics 降糖药 , oral inotropic medications （改变心肌力药物） , IV (e.g., digoxin, milrinone) Insulin 胰岛素 , subcutaneous and IV liposomal forms of drugs （脂质体类药物） (e.g., liposomal amphotericin B) and conventional counter- parts (e.g., amphotericin B desoxycholate) moderate sedation agents 中度镇静药物 , IV (e.g., dexmedetomidine, midazolam) moderate sedation agents, oral, for children (e.g., chloral hydrate) narcotics/opioids 麻醉剂鸦片类制剂 IV transdermal oral (including liquid concentrates, immediate and sustained-release formulations) neuromuscular blocking agents 神经肌肉阻滞剂 (e.g., succinylcholine, rocuronium, vecuronium) parenteral nutrition preparations 肠外营养制剂 radiocontrast agents 显影剂 , IV Sterile 无菌 water （水） for injection, inhalation, and irrigation (excluding pour bottles) in containers of 100 mL or more sodium chloride for injection 氯化钠 , hypertonic, greater than 0.9% concentration Specific Medications 特殊药物 epoprostenol 依前列醇 (Flolan), IV magnesium sulfate 硫酸镁 injection Methotrexate 甲氨蝶呤 , oral, non-oncologic use opium tincture 鸦片酊 Oxytocin 缩宫素 , IV nitroprusside sodium 硝普钠 for injection potassium chloride 氯化钾 for injection concentrate potassium phosphates 磷酸钾 injection promethazine 异丙嗪 , IV Vasopressin 加压素 , IV or intraosseous High-alert medications are drugs that bear a heightened risk of causing significant patient harm when they are used in error. Although mistakes may or may not be more common with these drugs, the consequences of an error are clearly more devastating to