远洋船舶生活饮用水的现状调查与研究.doc

远洋船舶生活饮用水的现 远洋船舶生活饮用水的现状调查与研究 陈一珉，姚宝龙，陈建宁，王征，徐国平，李皓，谢鸣，王 外高桥出入境检验检疫局船检科，上海 200137 摘要：目的 为了掌握上海港远洋船舶的饮用水卫生状况，保障船员饮水安全，保护船员身体健康，探索影响船舶饮用 水水质的因素。方法 在上海港采集远洋船舶装载的饮用水样本分别进行理化分析和微生物检测，研究不同供水方 式、不同船龄的船舶饮用水的各项微生物指标和金属指标，通过分析并进行讨论。结果 共采集了 159 艘远洋船舶的 水样样本，其微生物指标的合格率为 85.53%,金属指标的合格率为 76.73%。说明上海港远洋船舶饮用水的水质存在 一些卫生学问题。通过统计学分析，尚不能确定船舶自制的饮用水与码头供应的饮用水在微生物阳性率和金属指标 数值的总体概率有所不同（P＞0.1），但不同船龄（0~10 年,11~20 年,21 年以上）的船舶饮用水的微生物阳性率和金属指 标数值的组间比较，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）。结论 船龄越小，饮用水的卫生状况就越好。船龄指标提示了作 为今后船舶饮用水监督的快速判定标准之一，对于保障船员饮水安全、保护船员身体健康具有十分重要的意义。 关键词：饮用水；远洋船舶；微生物指标；金属指标 中图分类号：R123.1 文献标识码：B Investigation and study on status of drinking water of ocean ships CHEN Yi-min, YAO Bao-long, CHEN Jian-ning, WANG Zheng, XU Guo-ping, LI Hao, XIE Ming, WANG Jing Waigaoqiao Entry-exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Shanghai 200137,China Abstract: Objective To unelerstand the health status of drinking water on the ocean ships at Shanghai harbour, to protect the crews from unsafe drinking water, to explore what affects the quality of drinking water on the ocean ships. Methods The samples of drinking water on the ocean ships at Shanghai harbor were collected for the physical/chemical analysis and microbiological testing, and each microbiological indicators and metal indicators of different ways of water supplying and different ships’age were studied and analyzed. Results The qualified rate of microbiological indicators was 85.53% , while the qualified rate of metal indicators was 76.73% in the total 159 drinking water samples, maybe there were some health problems in the quality of the drinking water on ocean ships at Shanghai harbor. According to the statistics analysis, no evidence can be found that the unqualified rate of microbiological and metal criteria was different between self-made drinking water on board and supplied by the port, but different ships’age had different unqualified rate of microbiological and metal c