初中英语宾语从句讲与练.docVIP

初中英语宾语从句讲与练 宾语从句是一种 名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。 宾语从句三要素：连词、语序、时态。 一、连词 1.由that引导的宾语从句。that只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。例如： I think (that) having enough sleep is good for you. I am sure (that) our team will win the match. He said (that) he wanted to stay at home. 2.由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how，how many, how long等引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。例如： He didn’t tell me when he would come back. I am thinking about how I can deal with the matter. Do you know whose bike is the newest? Can you tell me who(whom) our teacher in taking with? with whom our teacher is talking? 3.由if或whether引导的宾语从句。If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。例如： I want to know if(whether) he lives there. Could you tell me if(whether) there will be a charity show this weekend？ He asked if(whether) they had finished their work. *只用whether，不能用if的情况： 1）whether可直接跟or not，if不能。如果分开，则都可以。Whether/if…or not如： Let me know whether or not you can come. Let me know whether/if you can come or not. 2）宾语从句前置时。如： Whether this is true, I can’t say. 3） 引导主语、表语、 同位语从句时，只能用whether，不能用if。如： Whether the football game will be played depends on the weather. （ 主语从句） The question is whether he can do it. （ 表语从句） The question whether we should go with them must be decided at once. （ 同位语从句） 4）从句在介词之后作介词的宾语时，只能用whether，不能用if。如： They are talking about whether they will go out for a picnic. I havent come up with the idea of whether Ill go back home. 5）whether 可接动词不定式，if不能。如： Whether to go or stay is still a question. Do you know whether to go hiking this Saturday? 6）在discuss, decide , doubt等动词后作宾语时，只能用whether，不能用if。如： We discussed whether we should go there by plane. 5）引导让步状语地，一般用whether。例如： Whether you like it or not, you’ll have to do it . Whether the weather is good or bad, they will set off as they planned. 6）如果用if会引起 歧义时，就只用whether Please tell me whether you know the answer. 注意： 1）在引导否定概念宾语从句时，只能用if，而不用whether。如： He?asked?me?if?I?hadnt?finished?my?work