不锈钢等级说明.docVIP

In metallurgy, stainless steel is defined as a steel alloy with a minimum of 10% chromium content by mass.[1] Stainless steel does not stain, corrode, or rust as easily as ordinary steel (it stains less), but it is not stain-proof.[2] It is also called corrosion-resistant steel or CRES when the alloy type and grade are not detailed, particularly in the aviation industry. There are different grades and surface finishes of stainless steel to suit the environment to which the material will be subjected in its lifetime. Common uses of stainless steel are cutlery and watch straps.Stainless steel differs from carbon steel by amount of chromium present. Carbon steel rusts when exposed to air and moisture. This iron oxide film is active and accelerates corrosion by forming more iron oxide. Stainless steels have sufficient amount of chromium present so that a passive film of chromium oxide forms which prevents further corrosion.Contents [hide]1 History 2 Properties 3 Applications 3.1 Uses in sculpture, building facades and building structures 4 Recycling reuse 5 Types of stainless steel 5.1 Comparison of standardized steels 5.2 Stainless steel grades 6 Stainless steel finishes 7 See also 8 References 8.1 Notes 8.2 Bibliography 9 External links [edit] HistoryAn announcement, as it appeared in the 1915 New York Times, of the discovery of stainless steel.[3]A few corrosion-resistant iron artifacts survive from antiquity. A famous (and very large) example is the Iron Pillar of Delhi, erected by order of Kumara Gupta I around the year AD 400. Unlike stainless steel, however, these artifacts owe their durability not to chromium, but to their high phosphorus content, which, together with favorable local weather conditions, promotes the formation of a solid protective passivation layer of iron oxides and phosphates, rather than the non-protective, cracked rust layer that develops on most ironwork.The corrosion resistance of iron-chromium alloys was first r