动词不定式的基本用法归纳f说课讲解.pptVIP

动词不定式的基本用法归纳 一、动词不定时的形式 肯定式：to do sth 否定式：not to do sth. 被动式：to be done 完成式：to have done 2.作宾语 A．动词后直接不定式作宾语的动词有许多，如want, decide, intend, fail, wish, export, pretend, choose等等。 I mean to go there at once. B.不定式短语作宾语时，如果还带有宾语补足语，往往把不定式短语放在宾补之后，而用it作形式宾语。句型为“主语+find (feel, think, believe, consider, etc) +it+形容词/名词+to do sth”。 I think it necessary to report the thing to the teacher. I find it interesting to work with him. C．动词不定式还可以用作介词宾语，但仅限于介词except和but（除了）。 常用句型有： There is nothing to do but+动词原形 do nothing but+动词（除做….之外别无选择） can but+动词原形 （只能原形(“只有做……) have no choice but to do ，只得） cannot help/choose but+动词原形(不能不……） 3．作表语和宾语不足语 动词不定式作表语，一是主语有不定式充当；二是主语由抽象名词充当。 To teach is to learn. My job is to help the patient. 【注意】如果在主语中（通常在主语从句或修饰主语的定语从句中）又实意动词do时，作表语的动词不定式省略to。 All I want to do now (What I want to do now) is fill my stomach. 4．作宾语补足语 【注意】在感官动词（see, hear, feel, listen to , notice, watch, observe等）和使役动词（let, have， make ）后的补足语中，不定式不带to。但这类句子变成被动语态时，必须带to。 I saw him play in the park. →He was seen to play in the park. The boss made those men work day and night. →Those men were made to work day and night.