高亮毕业论文最终稿.docVIP

西南林业大学 本科毕业（设计）论文 （2012届） 题目： 全站仪自由设站的探讨及分析 教学院（系、部） 土木工程学院 专业 测绘工程 学生姓名 高亮 指导教师 刘丽丽 评 阅 人 2012年 6 月 1 日  全站仪自由设站的探讨及分析 高亮 （云南 昆明 西南林业大学 土木工程学院 650224） 摘要： 随着现代科技的发展，同时也促进了测绘科技的发展，测绘手段，测绘结果的表现形式及测绘成果的应用等方面都发生了质的变化。现代全站仪以其精确、高效、灵活的特点，在各种测量工作中得到了普及和运用。但是，按照全站仪传统方法进行外业操作时，必须先根据两个已知坐标点进行定向，然后才能开展下一步工作，然而在野外操作时，我们经常会遇到两个控制点不通视或者地形不方便，为了不影响工作的进度，本文提出了使用全站仪自由设站的方法，快速计算出第三个点的坐标来完成测量工作,传统的后方交会方法是指在未知点设站，向三个已知点观测得到两个水平夹角和边长，根据所得角度、边长和三个已知点坐标来计算未知点的坐标。自由设站法是指在待定控制点设站或者临时设站，向多个已知控制点观测方向和距离，并按间接平差方法来计算待定点坐标的一种控制测量方法。测站点的N、E坐标根据方向观测值和边长观测值建立方向误差方程式和边长误差方程，然后根据最小二乘法原理计算待定点坐标平差值 关键词：全站仪，自由设站，平差，最小二乘  Discussion and Analysis of free Stationing with Total Station GaoLiang (Faculty of Civil Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan, PRC, 650224) Abstract： With the development of modern technology, also to promote the development of surveying and mapping technology, have undergone a qualitative change from the means of surveying and mapping, the manifestation of the surveying and mapping results, the application of surveying and mapping results.Modern total station, with its precise, efficient, flexible features, the popularity and use in a variety of measurements. However, outside the industry, operating in accordance with the traditional method of total station, must be based on two known coordinates orientation, and then to carry out the next steps. However, in the field operation, we often encounter the two control points barrier or the terrain is not convenient, does not affect the progress of the work, this paper proposes the use of Total Station, quickly calculate the third pointcoordinates to complete the survey work. Traditional Resection method refers to the station in an unknown point, Two horizontal angle to the observation of three known points. Income point of view and the coordinates of the three known points to ca