DTI Basics – Water Diffusion - Magnetic Resonance Imaging DTI基本–水扩散磁共振成像.pptVIP

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2019-09-20 发布于广东
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DTI Basics – Water Diffusion - Magnetic Resonance Imaging DTI基本–水扩散磁共振成像.ppt

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Important Concepts What energies are used in each modality? How does the energy interact with the tissue? How is the image produced? What is represented in the image? What are important advantages and disadvantages of the major imaging modalities? What are the fundamental differences between the Xray technologies (2D vs 3D, Radiography vs CT vs Fluoroscopy)? What are the two major types of MRI images (T1, T2), and how are they different? How are Angiograms produced (both Xray and MRI)? Why are the advantages of combining imaging modalities? Important Concepts What does DTI, diffusion tensor imaging, measure? What structures that we are interested in effect DTI images? What does the DTI ellipsoid represent? How might DTI be useful for clinical application or research? What are we looking at with proton spectroscopy? What are the three major metabolites we typically measure? What do we “need” to be able to do proton spectroscopy? What might proton spectroscopy be used for? probably no use Tractography Zhang Laidlaw: csdlputer.org/comp/proceedings/vis/2004/8788/00.pdf. Superior view color fiber maps Lateral view color fiber maps G 180 90 G echo TE At the echo time TE, NMR signal is decayed by, - T2 decay (spin-spin diffusion) - diffusive motion For any set of diff. gradient pulses Signal loss : by intra-voxel phase dispersion DTI Scalar Parameters Trace: Magnitude of diffusion in a voxel. Increases in damaged white matter Fractional Anisotropy (FA): Measure of directionally-restricted diffusion. Decreases in damaged white matter Rosenbloom M, et al. (July 2004). NIAA pubs; niaaa.nih.gov/publications/arh27-2/146-152.htm The Diffusion Tensor, D Diffusion is not equal in all directions (anisotropic). Use this to probe brain structure! Represent the diffusion pattern at each point in the brain using an ellipsoid. Diffusion Vector (Colour) Map The three magnitudes of the diffusion ellipsoid can be shown using three colours (RGB). Red = Left –