膝关节检查手段进展.doc

XXXXXX 学 士 学 位 论 文 膝关节损伤检查手段的进展 ———膝关节骨折、半月板及韧带损伤 学 号 姓 名 院 系 专 业 指导教师 年 月 膝关节损伤检查手段的进展 摘要：膝关节由股骨内外侧髁和胫骨内外侧髁以及髌骨构成，是人体中最大最复杂的关节，损伤非常常见，膝关节损伤准确的定性诊断在治疗中非常重要，传统的体格检查对膝关节损伤诊断方面有很大的局限性，随着科学技术的发展，为膝关节损伤的准确诊断提供了技术支持，出现了X光、CT、MRI及关节镜.其中MRI因其具有良好的软组织分辨率和较高的空间分辨率，已成为目前国内外较为常用的影像学检查手段；应用关节镜诊断膝关节损伤较传统的诊断方法更为明确和全面，是目前CT和MRI不能完全替代的。本文主要就膝关节骨折、半月板及韧带损伤的诊断手段进展进行概述。 关键词：膝关节;损伤；研究进展 The advances in the knee joint inspection method Abstract :Knee joint by the lateral femoral condyle and patella tibia lateral condyle and composition, is the largest and most complex joints in the body, damage is very common, the qualitative diagnosis of knee injuries and accurate is very important in the treatment, the traditional medical diagnosis of the knee joint injury has significant limitations, with the development of science and technology, to provide the technical support for the accurate diagnosis of knee injuries, the X-ray, CT, MRI and arthroscopy. Including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) because of its excellent soft-tissue resolution and high spatial resolution, has become a relatively common methods for imaging examination at home and abroad. Application of arthroscopy in the diagnosis of knee joint injury is the traditional diagnosis method is more clear and comprehensive, is currently the CT and MRI cant replace. This article mainly is the knee joint bone, cartilage, meniscus and cruciate ligament damage diagnosis means of progress are summarized. Keywords：Knee joint;injury;research progress 目 录 1.前言 1.1 概述 膝关节损伤常见于体育运动中的接触性或非接触性损伤，包括膝关节半月板损伤、膝关节韧带损伤(两者常合并发生)、髌骨脱位肌腱断裂及老年性膝关节退化性疾病等一系列损伤性疾病。膝关节是人体中