正译法和反译法_翻译技巧.pptVIP

正译法和反译法 这两种方法通常用于汉译英，偶尔也用于英译汉。所谓正译，是指把句子按照与汉语相同的语序或表达方式译成英语。所谓反译则是指把句子按照与汉语相反的语序或表达方式译成英语。正译与反译常常具有同义的效果，但反译往往更符合英语的思维方式和表达习惯。因此比较地道。 在美国，人人都能买到枪。 In the United States, everyone can buy a gun. (正译) In the United States, guns are available to everyone. (反译) 你可以从因特网上获得这一信息。 You can obtain this information on the Internet. （正译） This information is accessible/available on the Internet. （反译） 他突然想到了一个新主意。 Suddenly he had a new idea. (正译) He suddenly thought out a new idea. (正译) A new idea suddenly occurred to/struck him. （反译） 他仍然没有弄懂我的意思。 He still could not understand me. (正译) Still he failed to understand me. (反译) 无论如何，她算不上一位思维敏捷的学生。 She can hardly be rated as a bright student. (正译) She is anything but a bright student. (反译)  Please withhold the document for the time being. 暂时扣下这份文件。（正译）请暂时不要发这份文件。（反译） 改革开放以来，中国发生了巨大的变化  Great changes have taken place in China since the introduction of the reform and opening policy.(全部倒置) 双重否定 Too….not to/ not too……to “太….肯定会” “不要…..不…..” He is too wicked not to meet a bad end some day. 他太坏了，总有一天会有恶报． You should not be too proud to learn from others. 你应该虚心向别人学习． （3）否定词＋表示否定意义的词 It never rains but it pours. I promised that never a day should pass that I did not visit him. He spoke nothing to no purpose Fight no battle unprepared. 否定陷阱 (1)　否定从句中的谓语动词 主句的谓语动词为think, feel, seem, believe, suppose, expect, imagine, reckon等时，形式上用在这些动词前面的否定，实际上是否定后面的宾语从句。 I don’t think he can come on time. I don’t believe I have met you before. It doesn’t seem that we can return the books on time. 　　(2) 否定介词短语 She has not come to you for lunch. He told me he hadn’t entered the classroom at 8 this morning. He had never traveled by air. (3) 否定动词不定式 One does not live to eat , but eats to live. We are not here to quarrel with you , but to help you. （4）短语 She will forget all about it as likely as not He is old, none the less he works like a young man. We do not like he other than she is now. They are only too pleased t