现代材料分析方法.ppt

What DSC Can Tell You Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) measures the temperatures and heat flows associated with transitions in materials as a function of time and temperature in a controlled atmosphere. These measurements provide quantitative and qualitative information about physical and chemical changes that involve endothermic or exothermic processes, or changes in heat capacity. DSC Thermogram Effect of Heating Rate on HDPE and Indium Melting Effect of Cooling Rate on Crystallisation of HDPE Applications of Dynamic Mechanical Analysis Polymer Structure-Property Characterization E Onset, E Peak, and tan d Peak DMA: Glass Transition Measurement Immicible Blend - PS/SB 热分析技术 热分析技术主要包括： 差热分析 (DTA) - 测量参数为温度 差示扫描量热 (DSC) – 测量参数为热量 热重分析 (TGA) – 测量参数为重量 动态力学分析 (DMA) – 测量参数为力学性质 热机械分析 (TMA) – 测量参数为尺寸 Glass transitions Melting and boiling points Crystallisation time and temperature Percent crystallinity Heats of fusion and reactions Specific heat capacity Oxidative/thermal stability Rate and degree of cure Reaction kinetics Purity .......... DSC: The Technique TRADITIONAL DSC CELL SCHEMATIC Dynamic Sample Chamber Reference Pan Sample Pan Lid Gas Purge Inlet Chromel Disc Heating Block Chromel Disc Alumel Wire Chromel Wire Thermocouple Junction Thermoelectric Disc (Constantan) How does a Heat Flux DSC work? Metal 1 Metal 2 Metal 1 Metal 2 Sample Empty Sample Temperature Reference Temperature Temperature Difference = Heat Flow Temperature Heat Flow - exothermic GlassTransition Crystallisation Melting Cross-Linking (Cure) Oxidation  Polyethylene Melt Indium Melt 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 Temperature (°C) Heat Flow (W/g) 100 110 120 130 -10 10 30 50 70 Temperature (°C) Heat Flow (mW) 32°C/min 16 8 4 2 1 0.5 TGA: Schematic Diagram Photodiodes Infrared LED Meter movement Balance arm Tare pan Sample platform Thermocouple Sample pan Furnace assembly Purge gas outlet Heater Elevator base Purge gas inlet