师用非谓语动词最详细讲解与精选练习试题.docVIP

PAGE PAGE 5 非谓语动词讲解 非谓语动词: a.动词不定式 : 表示目的或未完成的动作，也可以修饰前面名词或代词 b.动名词 ：修饰名词，表示它的性质，或放介词后面做宾语 c.分词 现在分词 ：表示和逻辑主语为主动关系，或表示动作的进行 过去分词：表示和逻辑主语为被动关系，或表示已经动作已经完成) 概述：1.谓语动词：在句子中担任谓语的动词 2.非谓语动词：是动词的特殊形式，在句中可以作除谓语外的所有成分 非谓语动词使用条件 一个句子当中，已经存在一个主句（谓语动词）,又没有连词的情况下, 还有别的动词出现时。 She got off the bus, leaving her handbag on her seat. She got off the bus, but left her handbag on her seat. 动词不定式 一．动词不定式的时态和被动形式 动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种，由不定式符号(to)加动词原形构成。不定式的形式有五种： 一般式to do 例如：I like to read English. 进行式to be doing 例如：He seemed to be reading something at that time. 完成式to have done 例如：He seemed to have cleaned the room. 被动式to be done 例如：The work is to be done soon. 完成被动式to have been done 例如：The boy is said to have been sent to hospital yesterday. 二. 动词不定式的用法 I.作主语 (1)不定式做主语时，可以直接放在谓语动词之前。To see is to believe． Not to get there in time is your fault. (2)注：常用it做形式主语，将to do放在位于之后，使句子保持平衡。 句型1：It + 谓语 + to do It takes us an hour _to__ get there by bus. 句型2：It’s + n. + to do It’s our duty _to_ help the poor. It is a great enjoyment _to_ spend our holiday in the mountains. 句型3： It is + adj + for sb to do sth（是形容事物的性质的 ）// It is + adj + of sb to do sth（是形容人的品质的 ） It is easy for me to finish this work before ten. // It is a great honor for us to be present at your birthday party. It is very kind of you to give me some help. // Its impolite of you to speak to the teacher like that. II.作宾语 接不定式做宾语: I want to know this matter. // I don’t expect to meet you here (1)常见动词有：like, demand, expect, promise, begin, determine, refuse, offer, fail, manage, learn, seem, intend, forget, want, prepare, pretend, refuse, plan, afford, wish等 They wanted _to get___( get ) on the bus, didn’t they? He said he wished __to be____( be ) a professor. (2)it作形式宾语 I find/feel to work with him interesting ． I find/feel it interesting to work with him． Subject+ find/think/feel/make/ consider it+adj/n + to do sth. 1.We?thought?_it__?better?__to_?start?ear