Unit2动名词作主语和宾语.docxVIP

PAGE PAGE 3 必修四Unit2动名词(V-ing)作主语和宾语 动名词由动词的-ing形式构成，于现在分词同型。作为动名词，它具有动词的基本性质，可以有自己的状语和宾语，也具有名词的特征，在句中可作主语，表语，宾语。 总结归纳： 动名词作主语时，谓语动词用 。 动名词既可作动词宾语，又可作 宾语。 动名词的形式 主动式 被动式 一般式：doing being done 完成式：having done having been done Talking is easier than doing. He enjoys fishing. Don’t be afraid of speaking English. V-Ing做主语的三种情况 掌握只能加ing作宾语的动词;掌握加ing与不定式作宾语的含义有区别的动词 ;Ing的复合结构 1．动名词作主语时，句子有三种形式： = 1 \* GB3 ①动名词直接置于句首主语的位置上。 1)Playing tricks on others is something we should never do． 2)Learning new words is very important for me． 3) Talking is easier than doing. ②用形式主语it，把真正的主语——动名词结构移置句尾。但这种句子形式有一定的限制，作表语的只能是某些形容词或少数名词，如useful，useless，good，fun；no use，worth等。 1) It’s worth making the effort． 2) It is useless trying to argue with Shylock． 3) Is it any good trying to explain? 4)It is pleasant working with you ③在there be结构中作主语，这种结构的意思相当于“It is impossible to do… ” 如： 1) There is no hiding of evil but not to do it． 2) Here is no joking about such matter. 3) There was no knowing when he would leave. 动名词和to do 不定式作的区别 -ing表示的动作通常是一个泛指的动作（抽象），不定式则通常表示具体的动作。 I like reading，but now I like to see a film. 注意：There is no need to do sth 干、、、没必要，在此句式中to do 不可换为doing.. There is no need to tell her. 注意：-ing的逻辑主语由形容词性物主代词和名词所有格构成。 My sisters being ill made we worried. Your being right doesnt necessarily mean my being wrong. 在实际运用中，一般两者可以互换，差异不大，但下列情况不能互换． 用-ing形式作主语的句型有： It +be +a waste of time doing 做……是浪费时间的 It is/was no good/use doing 做……是没用处的 It is/was hardly/scarcely worth doing 做……不值得 It is/was worth/worthwhile doing 做……是值得的 There is no doing 无法……， 不允许…… There is no sense in doing 做……没有道理 There is/was no use doing 干……无意义 There is/was nothing worse than doing 没有比……更糟的 There is/was no point doing 干……无意义 There was no knowing where we would go. There is no point doing such a silly thing. 而在It’s important … / It’s necessary