初中过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时.docVIP

六、过去进行时的用法? ??（1）过去进行时表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作。一般和过去的特定时间状语或状语从句连用。? ?????如：then,?at?that?time,?at?eight?yesterday,?this?time?yesterday,?when?he?came?in等。?????? I?was?playing?volley-ball?this?time?last?Sunday.?上周日的这个时候我正在打排球。????? ?Li?Fang?was?watching?TV?when?her?father?came?back.?李芳的爸爸回来时她正在看电视。? ??（2）过去进行时表示过去某段时间是持续进行的动作。? ?????They?were?making?ships?last?month.他们上个月正在造船。??? （3）go,?come,?leave等瞬间动词的过去进行时表示过去某一时间安排或计划好的即将发生的动作。? ?????The?plane?was?arriving?at?eight.飞机八点到达。? 过去进行时与一般过去时的区别? ??过去进行时表示过去某一动作正在进行，强调“动作的连续性”，而一般过去时则表示一个做完的动作，强调“有过这件事”。? ??I?was?playing?chess?last?night.昨晚我在下棋。? ??I?played?chess?last?night.昨晚我下棋了。? ??My?father?worked?last?Sunday.?我爸爸上周日工作了。?? ?My?father?was?working?last?Sunday.?我爸爸上周日在工作。?? 七、现在完成时的用法 ??（1）强调不久前完成的动作对现在产生的影响，常与already,?just,?yet等副词连用。?????? I?have?just?read?your?letter.我刚刚读完你的信。? ?????He?has?already?come?back.他已经回来了.??? （2）表示过去发生的动作一直持续到现在。常与for或since引导的一段时间状语连用。for后通常跟?一个时间段，而since后只能跟一个具体的时间点。?????? for?two?weeks持续两周时间； since?Monday自从周一????? ?He?has?lived?here?for?three?years.他在此住了两年了。? ???I?have?been?here?since?1976.自从1976年我就一直在这里。? Exercise:?用since和for填空? 1.?Jim?has?been?in?Ireland?______?Monday.? 2.?Jill?has?been?in?Ireland?______?three?days.? 3.?His?aunt?has?lived?in?Australia?______15?days.? 4.?Mary?is?in?her?office.?She?has?been?there?______?7?oclock.? 5.?India?has?been?an?independent?country?______1974.? 6.?The?bus?is?late.?Theyve?been?waiting?______?20?minutes.? 7.?Nobody?lives?in?those?houses.?They?have?been?empty?______?many?years.? 8.?Mike?has?been?ill?______a?long?time.?He?has?been?in?hospital?______?October.? 1.?since???2.?for???3.?for???4.?since???5.?since???6.?for???7.?for???8.?since? 瞬间动词及注意要点：? ??a.?现在完成时的肯定句，其谓语动词如果是瞬间动词，如come,?go,?begin,?join等，则不可与表示一段时间的状语连用。???如：他到此两周了。? ????He?has?arrived?here?for?two?weeks.（×）此时需转换表达方式：? 用ago代替for，并改为一般过去时。??? ②?用延续性动词代替瞬间动词。?? ?③?用It?is/It?has?been?since?句型。? 所以上面的句子可转换为：?? ?①?He?arrived?here?two?weeks?ago.? ??②?He?has?been?here?for?two?weeks.? ??③?It?is/?It?has?been?