宾语从句和表语从句.docVIP

宾语从句和表语从句 Debbie 区别表语和宾语 表语也叫补语，是主语补足语，对主语进行补充说明。表语跟系动词连用，构成系表结构。 She is a student. is 是系动词，所以 a student是表语。 She likes the student. likes 是实义动词，所以the student 是宾语。 表语跟宾语的主要区别 ：区别 实义动词和系动词 常用的连系动词： 1表示状态存在的词：be，感官动词（look、smell、sound、feel、taste）、seem、appear等等。 2、表示状态持续的词：keep、prove、stay、 remain、turn （out）等等。 3、表示状态转变的词：become，come、fall、get、grow、make等等 The borscht tastes marvelous。（这罗宋汤尝起来味道太好了。） She looks nice.（她看起来漂亮极了） The leaves are turning brown.(树叶在变黄) It’s getting late.(天色渐晚了) 实义动词：表示实际意义和动作的动词 They owns all the cars. He cooks good meals. 宾语分直接宾语和间接宾语。直接宾语通常指及物动词的承受者，是动词直接涉及的人或者物。而间接宾语表示动作是对谁或者为谁而做。 直接宾语和间接宾语： He offered Peter a job。 He offered a job to Peter. My friend present me a necklace. My friend present a necklace to me. 表语和宾语的区分： 1.The lady will make a doctor. (这位女士将成为一名博士) 2.The boy will make a model plane. （这个男孩儿将做一个飞机模型） The lady 跟doctor的关系，doctor是对the lady的一个补充说明，而model plane跟 the boy 并不是补充和北说明的关系，model plane只是make （制作）这个动词的宾语。 She must be the headmaster.(她应该就是校长了) She hates the headmaster（她恨校长） He is their teacher（他是他们的老师） They like their teachers（他们喜欢他们的老师） 宾语从句 1、一般接宾语从句比较多的动词：say，think, believe, guess, tell, hope, ask, wonder等词 2、宾语从句的引导词：与表语从句主语从句的引导词基本相同，区别在于宾语从句可以用if（如果，是否） 做引导词，当表示“是否”的时候可以和whether互换。 宾语从句的转化 2.1 陈述句与宾语从句的转换：a,连词that没有意义，可以省略，b，从句的语序不变，仍是陈述句的语序，c，从句时态和主句保持一致，d，可以用it做形式宾语，that引导出真正的宾语。 He is feeling ill. Mike said that he was feeling ill. We must study hard. All of us know that we must study hard. We think it quite right that all the people ought to obey the laws. We think that all the people ought to obey the laws quite right. He made it clear that he would grant him a big sum of money if he found his lost daughter. 2.2 一般疑问句与宾语从句的转换：a，用whether和if 引导，表示“是否”的意义，不充当成分，但是不可省略，b，从句的语序要变成陈述语序，c，时态要与主句的时态一致。 Does she live here? He asks me if she lives here. He asked me if/whether she lived here (or not). Will the movie star come? I don’t know if/whether the movie star will come (or not). Will you come tomorrow? She asked m