定语从句专项讲义.docxVIP

定语从句专项讲义 【知识简介】 —、定义 定语：定语可以由形容泳 代词、数词、名词、分词、动词不定式、介词短语等来充当, 修饰名词或代词。（以分词、介词短语为例） 例：The girl behind the tree is Kate. The man driving too fast was a drunk. 定语从句：在英语屮，修饰名词或代词的句子叫定语从句。定语从句一般后置。 彳列：The girl who is behind the tree is Kate. The man who was driving too fast was a drunk. That is the bike which my father bought for me. 二、关系代词：引导定语从句的词有关系代词that, which, who, whom, whose等以及关系副 词when, where, why等。关系代词或关系副词放在被修饰的名词或代词（又 叫先行词）和定语从句之间起联系作用，同时又作定语从句中的一个成份。 先行词为人 who, whom, that引导定语从句 先行词为物 which, that引导定语从句 who,先行词为人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语（作宾语可省略）。whom,作宾语（作宾 语可省略，如介词提前则不能省） The man who I talked with is our teache匚 A person steals things is called a thief. The man （whom/who） I nodded to is Mr. Li. The man to whom I nodded is Professor Li. which,先行词为物，作主语或宾语（作宾语可省略，如介词提前则不能省） These are the trees which were planted last yean This camera （which ） he is using ismade in Japan. Is this the library （which） you borrow books from? Is this the library from which you borrow books? that,先行词为人?或物，作主语或宾语（作宾语可省略） A plane is a machine. It can fly. A plane is a machine that can fly. He is the man. I told you about him. He is the man （that） I told you about. 【要点难点】 一、先行词为物时，关系代词that和which的区分 a?只能用that的情况： 1、 当先行词是 nothing, something, anything, all, each 等不定代词时。 eg. Do you have anything that is important to tell me? 2、 当无行词被 all, any, some, no, not, every, each 等修饰时。 eg. I have some books that are very good. 3、 当先行词被形容词最高级、序数词所修饰时。 eg. This is the first book that I bought myself. The biggest bird that I caught is this bird. 4、 当先行词被 the very, the last, the next, the only 等词修饰时。 eg. This is the very book that I lost yesterday. 5、 当先行词既有人又有物时。 eg. I wont forget the things and the persons lhal I saw. b.只能使用which的情况。 1、 非限制性定语从句屮。eg. Mary has a book, which is very useful. 2、 在介词之后。 eg. This is a house in which an old man lives. Fill in the blanks with suitable relative pronouns? This is the only book I got last yea匚 Is this the book in you are interested? This is the largest animal Tom saw in th