法 律 翻 译 西北师范大学.pptVIP

法 律 翻 译 Unit 1 law Points 法律的特征：严谨，逻辑，规范 法律的分类：成文法，不成文法；公法，私法 Legalese law---Rules established by governing authorities to maintain order in a society. Common law---Law arising from tradition and judicial decisions, rather than from laws passed by the legislature. Originated in England and has been followed as law in most American jurisdictions. Equity---Historically, refers to a system of law developed in England in reaction to the legal inability of common law courts to consider or provide remedy for every injury. The king established a court of chancery to do justice between parties in cases where common law would give inadequate redress. Statute---Law enacted by legislative branch of government. Also called statutory law. Compare common law. Tips “法律”的不同表达（见表右） Expressions bring into justice送交法院审判 judicial power司法权 render a judgment/plaintiff/complaint做出判决/原告/起诉书（普通法） render a decree/petitioner/bill inequity做出判决/原告/起诉书（衡平法） Text  Unit 2 legal system points 大陆法系和英美法系的概念和特点，在一些基本概念和原则上的重大区别。 Legalese Civil law system---the predominant system of law in the world, with its origins in Roman law, and sets out a comprehensive system of rules, usually codified , that are applied and interpreted by judges. Common law system---it is notable for its inclusion of extensive non-statutory law reflecting precedent derived from centuries of judgments by working jurists. code ---Complete, systematic collection of laws. damages ---Money awarded by court to a person for injury or loss suffered by the unlawful act or negligence of another. jury ---Group of people selected according to law and sworn to decide questions of fact and render a decision about these matters. injunction ---Court order preventing or requiring a specific action. (by equity court) default ---Failure to fulfill a legal or contractual obligation. Tips 不同的“lawyer” Advocate辩护律师（专指以罗马法为基本法制的国家,如法国,苏格兰等） attorney美国的辩护律师 counsel/ lawyer律师的普遍用法 solicitor/barrister英国的事务律师／辩护律师 Text  Unit 3 court