外文翻译原文-父亲在孩子发展中的角色TheRoleoftheFatherinChildDevelopment.pdf

F I F T H E D I T I O N THE ROLE O F T H E FATHER I N C H I L D D E V E L O P M E N T Edited by M I C H A E L E . L A M B The Role of the Father in Child Development Fifth Edition The Role of the Father in Child Development Fifth Edition Edited by Michael E. Lamb University of Cambridge John Wiley Sons, Inc. C H A P T E R 1 How Do Fathers Influence Children’s Development? Let Me Count the Ways MICHAEL E. LAMB T IS OFTEN claimed that psychology became a science in the second half of the 19th century, led in part by continental (mostly German) research on Iperception, psychophysics, and memory, Galton’s attempts to measure intelligence and establish the importance of heredity, and William James’s efforts to create a coherent theoretical edifice, which might guide the deriva- tion of empirical answers to age-old philosophical questions. For those who study the development of personality and social behavior, however, the key figure was Freud, who pioneered the close study of pathology as a medium through which to elucidate psychological functioning and spawned a pleth- ora of admirers and critics who constructed much of the popular and scientific psychology we encounter in books such as this. For example, we owe Freud credit for the proposition, now widely viewed as an article of faith, that childhood experiences shape subsequent personality and behavior, although Freud himself only shifted the focus from late childhood and early adolescen