心理咨询与治疗的理论及实践chapter7 Person-centered Therapy.ppt

Theory and Practice of Counseling and Psychotherapy Psych422 Chapter7: Person-centered Therapy Questions? What key concepts do you know in terms of person-center therapy? Do you believe most clients have the capacity to understand and resolve their own problems without directive intervention by the therapist? Why or why not? Person-Centered Therapy (A reaction against the directive and psychoanalytic approaches) Challenges: The assumption that “the counselor knows best” The validity of advice, suggestion, persuasion, teaching, diagnosis, and interpretation The belief that clients cannot understand and resolve their own problems without direct help The focus on problems over persons Person-Centered Therapy Emphasizes: Therapy as a journey shared by two people The person’s innate striving for self-actualization The personal characteristics of the therapist and the quality of the therapeutic relationship The counselor’s creation of a permissive, “growth promoting” climate People are capable of self-directed growth if involved in a therapeutic relationship Six Conditions (necessary and sufficient for personality changes to occur) 1. Two persons are in psychological contact 2. The first, the client, is experiencing incongruency 3. The second person, the therapist, is congruent or integrated in the relationship 4. The therapist experiences unconditional positive regard or real caring for the client 5. The therapist experiences empathy for the client’s internal frame of reference and endeavors to communicate this to the client 6. The communication to the client is, to a minimal degree, achieved  View of Human Nature Person as innately striving toward becoming fully functioning. Therapist’s attitudes and belief in the inner resources of the clients Client self-healing capacities Clients as primary change agent Clients actualize their potential for growth, spontaneity, and inner-directedness Therapeutic Goals helping a person become a fully functioning pers