苏大纳米化工原理20.pdfVIP

Fall Semester, 2014 Basic Principles of Chemical Engineering Processes Lecture 20 Yanwei Wang (王衍伟) Email: ywwang@ © 2015 Yanwei Wang Previously on heat transfer 2 © 2015 Yanwei Wang Previously on heat transfer We have discussed the transfer of heat by conduction and by convection. Both modes of energy transport rely on the presence of a material medium. For heat conduction to occur, there must be temperature inequalities between neighboring points in space.  For heat convection to occur, there must be a fluid that is free to move and transport energy with it. 3 © 2015 Yanwei Wang Radiation Heat Transfer Now, let’s turn our attention to a third mechanism of heat transfer ––– Radiation ––– which cannot be described by Fourier’s Law. Radiation is basically an electromagnetic mechanism, which allows energy to be transported with the speed of light through regions of space without the necessary presence of matter (material medium). Radiation is the only method for heat transfer in space that is devoid of matter (i.e., vacuum), e.g., outer space. 4 © 2015 Yanwei Wang Radiation Heat Transfer A hot object in a vacuum chamber will eventually cool down and reach thermal equilibrium with its surroundings by a heat transfer mechanism: radiation. 5 © 2015 Yanwei Wang Radiation Heat Transfer A person near a raging bonfire feels radiant heating from the fire, even if the surrounding air is very cold. 6