躯干骨及其连结2013教学案例.ppt

Locomotor System;椎骨：24块 骶骨：1块 尾骨：1块 胸骨：1块 肋：12对;一、椎骨 ;1．椎骨的一般形态 ;2．各部椎骨的主要特征 ;横突孔;棘突;Cervical Vertebrae;上关节突 ;骶前孔;Sacral cornu;胸骨柄 胸骨体 剑突 ;The manubrium posteriorly-angled joints with the body and forms the sternal angle, which is a major surface landmark used by clinicians in performing physical examinations of the thorax. ;三 肋rib;第一肋：上面有斜角肌结节和锁骨下动、静脉沟。;Anteriorly, the costal cartilages of ribs I to VII articulate with the sternum. The costal cartilages of ribs VIII to X articulate with the inferior margins of the costal cartilages above them. Ribs XI and XII are called floating ribs because they do not articulate with other ribs, costal cartilages, or with sternum. Their costal cartilages are small, only covering their tips. ;躯干骨的连结; ;The articulation of the bones of the trunk; ;Intervertebral discs;椎间盘突出; ; ;黄韧带Ligmentum of flava 围成椎管，限脊柱过屈 棘间韧带 棘上韧带：颈部称项韧带 横突间韧带 关节突关节;The joint of articular process;Interspinous ligament;Anterior longit. lig.;(3)寰椎与枕骨及枢椎的关节;2.脊柱整体观及其功能;Vertebral column as a whole ;The movements of the vertebral column;（二） 胸廓 Thoracic cage ;;胸廓上口Inlet ;Superior thoracic aperture (Inlet);胸廓下口—宽而不整 第12胸椎 第12及第11对肋前端 左、右肋弓 剑突 ;The inferior thoracic aperture (Outlet);Next time: 实习课 Contents: 上肢骨及其连结;Thank U