毕业设计（论文）《页岩气钻完井工艺与技术文献调研》.docVIP

[Введите текст] [Введите текст] [Введите текст] (北京) CHINA UNIVERSITY OF PETROLEUM 毕 业 论 文 页岩气钻完井工艺与技术文献调研 姓 名： 指导教师： 院 系： 石油工程学院 专 业： 石油工程 学 号： F2008021336 完成日期 2012 年 月 日 摘要 页岩气开采已成为全球资源开发的一个热点。页岩气储集层通常呈低孔、低渗透率，开采寿命长，生产周期长，采收率变化较大，且低于常规天然气采收率。不同于常规天然气的开采特点决定了页岩气开发具有其独特的方式。水平井技术对于扩大页岩气开发具有重大意义，水平井的成本一般是垂直井的1～1.5倍，而产量是垂直井的3倍左右；空气钻井技术可以减小钻井液对储层的污染，提高机械钻速3～4倍；采用欠平衡钻井技术可以提速和防漏，可以加快页岩气工程的开发进程；连续管钻井技术，在开发我国非常规资源（包括页岩气在内）中具有十分广阔的发展前景。页岩气完井方式以套管固井后射孔完井为主。水力压裂是页岩气开采中必不可少的工艺，清水压裂技术用于产生更密集的裂缝网络，形成额外的渗透率，使气体能更容易流向井中，从而生产出大量天然气。在综合分析国外页岩气钻完井技术及难点的基础上，指出国内页岩气钻井应着力解决在保持井壁稳定、预防事故、降低钻井成本、研发配套仪器和优选钻井液配方等方面存在的问题。 关键词：页岩气；钻井技术；完井技术；现状及难点。 Shale gas drilling and completion technology and technical literature research Abstract Shale gas exploitation has become a hot topic of global resource development. Shale gas reservoirs typically show low porosity and low permeability, and have long life of exploitation and long production cycle. Its recovery changes and usually is lower than conventional natural gas recovery. The unconventional exploitation characteristics of shale gas determine the unique way of shale gas development. Horizontal well technology is of great significance for the expansion of shale gas development, the cost of horizontal wells is 1to 1.5 times of vertical well, while the production is about three times than the vertical well；Air drilling technology can reduce the pollution of the drilling fluid to the reservoir to improve the ROP of 3 to 4 times；The application of underbalanced technology can improve the speed of drilling and prevent leakage，which will speed up the process of the development of shale gas project；Coiled tubing drilling technology can help to develop the shale gas including other unconventional resources，which has broad prospect in China. Shale gas completion is mainly cementing and perforation casing completion. Hydraulic fracturing is an essential technology in shale gas exploitation，water fracturing