自考英语词汇学-第十章课件.pptVIP

英语词汇学Chapter 10 English Dictionaries英语词典 Dictionary（词典）: Dictionary is a book which presents in an alphabetical order (字母顺序）the words of English with information as to(关于） their spelling, pronunciation, meaning, usage, rules of grammar, and in some, their etymology（词源）. 10.1 Types of Dictionaries 词典的类型 10.1.1 Monolingual and Bilingual Dictionaries单语词典和双语词典 Monolingual dictionaries are written in one language. That is the headword （主词条） or entries（词目） are defined and illustrated（阐明） in the same Language. Bilingual dictionaries（双语词典）: Bilingual dictionaries involve two Languages. The main entries are generally defined or explained in the same language with translation . 10.1.2 Linguistic and Encyclopedic dictionaries语言词典和百科词典 Linguistic dictionaries（语言词典） aim at defining words and explaining their usage in the language. They usually cover such areas as spelling, pronunciation, meaning, grammatical function, usage and etymology（词源）, etc. these dictionaries can be monolingual and bilingual. Encyclopedic dictionaries can be further divided into encyclopedia（百科全书） and encyclopedic dictionaries（百科词典）. 10.1.3 Unabridged， desk and pocket dictionaries大型（非节略）词典、案头词典和袖珍词典 Unabridged dictionaries: As the name indicates, an unabridged dictionary is an unshortened one. Theoretically, it is a complete record of all the words in use. Such a dictionary is the most complete description of words available to us. Desk dictionaries: Desk dictionaries are medium-sized ones containing words ranging from 50,000 to 150,000. Pocket dictionaries: These dictionaries have about 50,000 entries or fewer. Such a dictionary provides only the spelling and pronunciation of each word with a few most common meanings. 。 10.1.4 specialized dictionaries（专用词典） Special dictionaries concentrate on a particular area of language or konwledge. These dictionaries may not be very large in size, yet each contains much more detailed information on the subject than you can find in a general unabridged one.