乙醇中学化学双语教学.pptVIP

4.Preparation of ethanol * organic compounds in food 劝君更尽一杯酒，西出阳关无故人。 抽刀断水水更流，举杯消愁愁更愁。 ---------送行酒 ---------苦恼酒 乙醇 ethanol [eθ?,n?l] 1.Physical properties Colorless ,transparent liquid with special fragrance(香味）, itsl density less than water, very volatile(挥发性的）, very soluble in water, can dissolve a variety of inorganic and organic matters. In industrial alcohol ,there is some methanol[‘meθ?n?l] 甲醇( or wood alcohol). It is exceedingly poisonous,and can cause blindness if taken internally(内服）. 2.Component and structure Chemical formula C2H6O Ethanol (乙醇) reacts with sodium kerosene [‘ker?si:n] 煤油 Its main ingredient is hydrocarbon. Can sodium react with kerosene? Which is the structure of ethanol? Structure formula： Simple structure formula： CH3CH2OH 或 C2H5OH Electronic formula： C H H H O H · · · · · · · · · · C H · · · · · · H · · · · Functional group： —OH hydroxyl [haidr?ksil] 羟基 The electron formula of -OH How many electrons are there in one mole of -OH? 9NA ball-and-stick model space-filling model 3.Chemical properties 1) oxidation reaction CH3CH2OH+3O2 → 2CO2+3H2O 点燃 （2）catalytic oxidation 催化氧化 （1）combustion Phenomena: heated in air, copper wire turns black. when put into the ethanol,it turns red; At the same time some pungent odour substance is produced. reaction process： CH3CH2OH +1/2O2 CH3CHO +H2O Cu或Ag △ Overall reaction： 乙醛：ethanal [,eθ?n?l] C—C—H H H H H O—H O夺走两个氢生成水 ?－C原子 ?－C原子 OH CH 3－CH－CH3 + O2 2 1 Cu或Ag △ propanone [pr?up?n?un]丙酮 Can not be oxidated with catalyst. CH3 CH 3－C－OH CH3 Ethanol can make KMnO4(H+) fade （3）reacts with strong oxidant 2) substitution reaction Reacts with sodium 2CH3CH2OH +2Na → 2CH3CH2ONa +H2↑ 3) Elimination reaction(消去反应） C—C—H H H H H O—H 条件：?-C上要有氢 1）Fermentation of starch (淀粉发酵） 淀粉酶： amylase [?mileis] 葡萄糖：glucose [‘ɡlu:k