能源经济模型国际会议.pptVIP

能源經濟模型國際會議 Decoupling: Thematic Strategy for Sustainable Development Chung-Huang Huang Department of Economics National Tsing Hua University CONTENT Motivations Concept and Issues of Decoupling Types and Measurement of Decoupling Problems with Decoupling Factors Choice of Decoupling Factors Concluding Remarks Motivations “ensuring that the consumption of resources and their associated impacts do no exceed the carrying capacity of the environment and breaking the linkages between economic growth and resource use” Thematic Strategy on Resources Studies (2/2) Major Subjects in Decoupling for Sustainable Development Agriculture ─ Decoupling agricultural subsidies from production Energy ─ Decoupling a utility’s kWh sales and its recovery of revenues to cover fixed costs Environment ─ Decoupling environmental pressures from economic growth Transport ─ Decoupling economic and transport growth Decoupling: CAP The approach of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP), introduced during the MacSharry reform in 1992, is based on a reduction of price supports and an introduction of direct payments in order to offset the negative impact on farmers’ revenue. The Agreement on Agriculture of the Uruguay Round is to introduce income-support tools that are decoupled from production, which they are if they do “not influence production decision of farmers, and permit free market determination of prices” (Cahill, 1997). A single farm payment will replace existing payments under the main sectoral schemes (arable, beef and sheep); the single farm payment will be based on support payments received during a historic reference period (2000-2002). Decoupling: Energy An accounting technique that separates the amount of a commodity sold from the total revenues expected from those sales. This technique is often recommended for use in the energy industry by conservationists and some financial planners since it provides a means of insuring that utilities dont oversell energy to meet cost requirem