基于-FPGA的交通灯控制器.doc

摘 要 交通灯，全名是交通信号指示灯，它被安放在道路的交叉路口，承担着指挥道路交通的重大任务，人们根据交通灯的指示，做出符合交通法规的交通行为，保证了道路交通的有序顺畅和安全通行。基于交通灯的重要作用，本文利用FPGA技术，设计了一套交通灯控制器系统。在道路的十字路口，东南西北四个方向，均设置有红黄绿和左转四种交通信号指示灯，并显示有通行和停止等待的倒计时时间。根据道路实际的流量情况，设置了绿灯50秒，红灯80秒，黄灯5秒，左转灯20秒。本系统以Altera公司Cyclone II系列的EP2C5T144C8N芯片作为核心最小系统，利用VHDL语言在Quartus II开发平台上进行软件部分的设计，利用电路设计软件Protel进行硬件原理图和PCB的设计，通过波形仿真和硬件实现两种方式，验证了交通灯系统的功能。 关键字：FPGA最小系统、交通灯、倒计时、VHDL ABSTRACT Traffic lights, full name is traffic signal lights, it was placed at the intersection of roads, undertaking the significant mission command in road traffic, the people according to the traffic lights, traffic behavior comply with traffic regulations, to ensure the smooth and orderly and safe passage of road traffic. Based on the important role of traffic lights, using FPGA technology, design a set of traffic lights control system. At the crossroads, North four directions, are provided with a red yellow green and turn left at the four traffic signal lamp, and display a countdown time pass and stop waiting. According to the actual situation of road traffic, the green light for 50 seconds 80 seconds, the red light, yellow light for 5 seconds, 20 seconds left lamp. This system to Altera company Cyclone II series EP2C5T144C8N chip as the core of the minimum system, the software design in the Quartus II development platform using VHDL language, the design of hardware schematic and PCB circuit designed by the software Protel, two ways of realizing the waveform simulation and hardware, traffic lights to verify the function of the system. Key Words: FPGA minimum system,traffic light,countdown,VHDL 目录 TOC \o 1-3 \u 摘 要 I ABSTRACT II 目录 III 第1章 绪论 1 1.1 课题任务 1 1.2 课题要求 1 1.3 研究意义 1 第2章 设计方案 3 2.1 硬件部分 3 2.1.1 电源电路 3 2.1.2复位电路 4 2.1.3 晶振电路 5 2.1.4 下载电路 5 2.1.5 系统外围电路 6 2.1.6 硬件开发工具 7 2.2 软件部分 7 2.2.1 Quartus II软件 8 2.2.2 VHDL语言 8 第3章 系统功能设计 10 3.2 电路原理图设计 10 3.2.1 电源电路设计 10 3.2.2 晶振电路设计