氮素形态对红菜薹根际和非根际土壤微生物数量及产量的影响.docxVIP

氮素形态对红菜薑根际和非根际土壤微生 物数量及产量的影响 摘要：采用田间小区试验，以不施氮为对照，设置 酰胺态氮、铁态氮和硝态氮处理，研究了不同氮素形态对红 菜薑根际和非根际土壤微生物群落及产量的影响，以期为红 菜薑的科学平衡施肥以及优质高产栽培提供理论依据。结果 表明，在红菜薑莲座期之前，施用铁态氮处理的根际和非根 际土壤细菌和放线菌数量均显著高于其他形态氮处理，而真 菌数量却显著低于其他形态氮处理；在红菜薑主薑期之后， 施用硝态氮处理的根际和非根际土壤细菌和放线菌数量显 著高于其他形态氮处理，其真菌数量也显著低于其他形态氮 处理；施用硝态氮处理的红菜薑产量最高，为19 112. 33 kg/hm2,较不施氮处理增产51. 46%O因此，在考虑土壤微生 物数量及红菜薑产量的情况下，建议红菜薑基肥施用錢态氮 肥，追肥以硝态氮为主。 关键词：红菜薑；氮素形态；根际微生物；非根际微生 物；产量 中图分类号：S143. 1； S154. 3文献标识码：A文章编 号：0439-8114 (2016) 12-3021-05 D0I： 10. 14088/j. cnki. issn0439-8114. 2016. 12.009 Abstract： Using field plot test taking no nitrogen as control and setting the amide nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen treatment, studied the effects of different nitrogen forms on the microorganisms quantity in rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil and yield of purple~caitai, which could provide theoretical basis for balaneed fertilization and high quality and yield cultivation of purple-caitai. The resuIts showed that for ammonium nitrogen treated plants before rosette stage, the amount of bocteria and actinomycetes in rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil were significantly higher than other forms of nitrogen treatment, and the number of fungi was significantly lower than other forms of nitrogen treatment? However, for the nitrate nitrogen treatment after rosette, the amount of bacteria and actinomycetes in rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil were significantly higher than other forms of nitrogen treatment , while the number of fungi was also significantly lower than other forms of nitrogen treatment? Maximun Purple-caitai yield of 19 112.33 kg/hm2 was obtained for the nitrate nitrogen treated plants , which increased by 51.46% than control. Therefore, considering the microorganisms amount and the purple-caitai yield , the ammonium nitrogen treatment was suggested for basal dressing and the nitrate nitrogen for top dressing. Key words : purple-ca.itai ； nitrogen form ； rhizospheric microorganism ； non-rhizosphere microorganism； yield 土壤微生物主