大铸锭铝熔体中超声振动系统空化区域分析及试验研究.pdf

第 46 卷第 10 期 中南大学学报( 自然科学版) Vol.46 No.10 2015 年 10 月 Journal of Central South University (Science and Technology) Oct. 2015 DOI: 10.11817/j.issn.1672-7207.2015.10.010 大铸锭铝熔体中超声振动系统空化区域分析及实验研究 董方，李晓谦，张敏 ( 中南大学 机电工程学院，高性能复杂制造国家重点实验室，湖南 长沙，410083) 摘要：根据比值校正法利用激光测距仪对超声系统辐射杆振动进行测试，其结果进行幅值谱校正后得到辐射杆位 移幅值分布，分别对超声变幅杆浸入铝溶液及水中不同深度进行空蚀分布实验，运用有限元法对水及铝熔体中空 化区域进行模拟。研究结果表明：振动系统在谐振点以下电流更加稳定，声流效应不易产生突变；超声振动系统 辐射杆以纵向振动为主，声压幅值在铝熔体中辐射杆端面法线上单调递减；侧面横向振动的最大振动幅值约为端 面纵振幅 1/2，位置约为端面以上 15~55 mm 处；空化区域仿真结果与实验结果基本吻合。 关键词：超声辐射杆；纵横振动；空化区域 中图分类号：TG249.9 ；TB559 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1672−7207(2015)10−3625−06 Regional and experimental analysis of large ingots ultrasonic vibration cavitation system molten aluminum DONG Fang, LI Xiaoqian, ZHANG Min (State Key Laboratory of High Performance Complex Manufacturing, School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China) Abstract: Vibration test was done for a piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer for casting by laser range finder, the displacement amplitude distribution of end and cylindrical surface was obtained through amplitude spectrum correction for the vibration series based on interpolation method, and cavitation erosion test with different depths of the ultrasonic horn was immersed in the solution of aluminum and water. Finite element methods was used to carry on the numerical simulation cavitation. The results show that the current in the resonant points below the vibration system is more stable, and it is not easy for acoustic streaming effect. The experiments of ultrasonic casting of aluminium allo